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ESA 2 > MSK 1.1 - Pectoral Region, Axilla And Brachial Plexus > Flashcards

MSK 1.1 - Pectoral Region, Axilla And Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 origin points of the pectoralis major?

A
  • Medial half of clavicle
  • Manubrium
  • Body of sternum
  • Costal cartilage of ribs 1-6
  • Anterior layer of rectus sheath
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2
Q

Where is the insertion point of the pectoralis major?

A

Crest of greater tubercule of humerus

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3
Q

What is the nerve supply of the pectoralis major?

A
  • Medial and lateral pectoral nerves

- Brachial plexus (C5, T1)

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4
Q

What are the actions of the pectoralis major?

A

Adduction, medial rotation and Flexion of the humerus

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5
Q

What is the shape and size of the pectoralis minor?

A

Small and triangular

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6
Q

What are the origin points of the pectoralis minor?

A

Ribs 3,4 and 5

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7
Q

What is the insertion point of the pectoralis minor?

A

Coracoid process of the scapula

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8
Q

What is the nerve supply of the pectoralis minor?

A

Medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C6, T1)

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9
Q

What is the action of the pectoralis minor?

A

Pulls scapula medially, forwards and downwards

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10
Q

What is the shape and size of the serratus anterior?

A

Fan shaped and small

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11
Q

What are the origin points of the serratus anterior?

A
  • Superior section = 1st and 2nd ribs
  • Intermediate section = 2nd and 3rd ribs
  • Inferior section = 4th and 9th ribs
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12
Q

What is the insertion point of the serratus anterior?

A

Medial margin of the costal surface of scapula

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13
Q

What is the nerve supply of the serratus anterior?

A
  • Long thoraic nerve

- Brachial plexus (C5-C7)

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14
Q

What are the actions of the serratus anterior?

A
  • Superior external rotation of scapula which moves scapula internally and forward therefore lowering the arm
  • Lifts ribs
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15
Q

What is the axilla and where is it located?

A
  • Pyramidal shaped space

- Underneath shoulder and between thorax and upper limb

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16
Q

What makes up the medial border of the axilla?

A
  • Rib

- Serratus Anterior

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17
Q

What makes up the anterior border of the axilla?

A
  • Pectoralis major

- Pectoralis minor

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18
Q

What makes up the lateral border of the axilla?

A

Intertubecular grooves of humerus

19
Q

What makes up the posterior border of the axilla?

A
  • Scapula
  • Subscapularis
  • Latissimus Dorsi
  • Teres major
20
Q

What does the axilla contain? (6)

A
  • Cords of brachial plexus
  • Axillary vein and artery
  • Short head of biceps brachi
  • Coracobrachialis
  • Tendons of muscles attaching to scapula
  • Axillary lymph nodes
21
Q

What is the order of sections in the brachial plexus?

A
  • Branches
  • Cords
  • Divisions
  • Trunks
  • Roots

(BIG COCKS DO TOUCH RIGHT)

22
Q

What is the order of nerves in the brachial plexus?

A
  • Musculocutaneous
  • Axillary
  • Radial (behind median)
  • Median
  • Ulnar

MARMU

23
Q

Where does the Musculocutaneous nerve originate?

A

C5, C6, C7 (cervical)

24
Q

Where does the Axillary nerve originate?

A

C5, C6 (cervical)

25
Q

Where does the median nerve originate?

A

C5 - T1 (cervical to thoraco)

26
Q

Where does the radial nerve originate?

A

C5 - T1 (cervical to thoraco)

27
Q

Where does the ulnar nerve originate?

A

C8, T1 (cervical, thoraco)

28
Q

What does the Musculocutaneous nerve innervate? (3)

A
  • Biceps brachi
  • Brachialis
  • Coracobrachialis

(The BBC)

29
Q

What does the Axillary nerve innervate? (2)

A
  • Deltoid

- Regimental badge (area of skin)

30
Q

What does the median nerve innervate? (1)

A

Lumbricals of the hand

31
Q

What does the radial nerve innervate? (4)

A
  • Skin in posterior forearm
  • Dorsal surface of lateral palm
  • Triceps brachi
  • Majority of extensor muscles
32
Q

What does the ulnar nerve innervate? (1)

A

The muscles of the hand

33
Q

What are the three sections of the cords?

A
  • Lateral
  • Posterior
  • Medial
34
Q

Which nerves branch from the lateral section of the cords?

A
  • medial and lateral pectoral nerves
35
Q

Which nerves branch from the posterior section of the cords?

A

There are three:

  • middle = thoracodorsal nerve
  • outer = upper and lower subscapular nerves
36
Q

What are the nerves that branch from the medial section of the cords?

A

There are three, read right to left:

  • medial and lateral pectoral nerves
  • medial cutaneous nerve of the arm
  • medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm
37
Q

What are the three sections of the trunks of the brachial plexus?

A
  • superior (C5 and C6)
  • middle (C7)
  • inferior (C8 and T1)
38
Q

Which nerves branch of the superior section of the trunks?

A
  • Suprascapular

- Nerve to subclavius

39
Q

What is Erb’s Palsy and how is it caused?

A
  • Damage to roots C5 and C6 due to too big of an angle increase between neck and shoulder
  • Upper brachial plexus injury
40
Q

What are the effects of Erb’s palsy?

A
  • ‘Waiter’s tip’

- Loss of sensation on anterior arm

41
Q

What is klumpke’s palsy and how is it caused?

A
  • Damage to nerves from T1 root upwards due to excessive abduction
  • Lower brachial plexus injury
42
Q

What are the effects of klumpke’s palsy?

A
  • Paralysis of small muscles in hand

- Sensory loss on medial side of arm

43
Q

What is the shape of the pectoralis major?

A

Large and triangular

ESA 2 (63 decks)

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