MSK L3 Joint structure and function Flashcards
Classification of Joints:
According to structure
According to function
Classification of Joints: According to structure
- Fibrous
- Cartilaginous
- Synovial
Classification of Joints:
According to function
Synarthroses
Amphiarthroses
Diarthroses
- Synarthroses
no/little movement (fibrous and some cartilaginous joints
- Amphiarthroses
– some movement (cartilaginous joints)
- Diarthroses
free movement (always synovial joints)
Fibrous
no joint cavity and dense fibrous connective tissue joining articulating surface.
Cartilaginous joints
no cavity and two bones are joined y pad of cartilage – fibrous or hyaline.
Synovial –
cavity between ends of articulating bones – ends covered with fibrous or hyauline for protection.
Fibrous Joints: 3 sub classifications:
- Sutures
- Syndesmoses
- Gomphoses
Sutures
Found only in the skull,
Form at 18mths of age when they replace fontanels
Fibrous tissue covered by periosteum
Several types of sutures
- Serrate (between frontal and parietal bones)
- Lap or squamous - overlap (between parietal and temporal bones
- Plane or butt (between paired maxillary bones forming hard palate).
Synostosis sutures
Sutures may become totally ossified in adults forming a synostosis (e.g. between frontal bones)
Syndesmoses:Definition
Bones joined by interosseous ligament or dense aponeurotic membrane
Syndesmoses: Example
Interosseous membrane between radius and ulna
Syndesmoses: Movement
Flexibility of collagen fibres in ligament may allow limited movement
Gomphoses: Definition
Pegs and sockets, held in place by bundles of regular collagenous connective tissue
Gomphoses: Example
Found between teeth and bones of jaw – periodontal ligaments
Gomphoses:Movement
Allow sight movement of teeth during mastication as collagen fibres are orientated in different planes.
Cartilaginous joints: types
- Synchondroses (primary)
2. Symphyses (secondary)
Syncondroses (primary) Definition
Advancing centres of ossification separated by hyaline cartilage
Syncondroses (primary) Temporary types
Most are temporary (e.g. epiphyseal growth plates (and fuse in adults
Syncondroses (primary) Permanent types
Some persist throughout life e.g. costal cartilages, which allow some flexibility of rib cage during inspiration.
Symphyses (secondary) Definition
Fibro-cartilage pads between a.c. of adjacenet bones