Endo-Repro Anatomy 2

Question 1

Ovary: Position

Answer 1

Located alongside the lateral wall of the uterus in a region called the ovarian fossa → beneath the external iliac artery

Question 2

Ovary: Ligaments

Answer 2

• Ovarian ligament → attachment to uterus
• Suspensory ligament of the ovary → ovary to body wall
• Broad ligament of the uterus → covers the ovary known as mesovarium

Question 3

Ovary: Blood supply

Venous drainage

Answer 3

Ovarian artery  (abdominal artery) and uterine artery (internal iliac artery).
Ovarian vein

Question 4

Ovary: Lymph drainage

Answer 4

Paraaortic lymph node

Question 5

Ovary: Functions

Answer 5

Hormone secretion → secrete estrogen, testosterone and progesterone

OOgenesis

Question 6

Ovary: What does the follicle become after ovulation

Answer 6

Corpus Luteum

Question 7

Oviducts Length

Answer 7

10 cm length

Question 8

Oviducts Position

Answer 8

Lateral to uterus

Question 9

Oviducts Parts

Answer 9

Infundibulum (near ovary)
Ampulla (major part of lateral tube)
Isthmus (transverses the uterine musculature

Question 10

Oviducts Wall structure and lining epithelium

Answer 10

Serosa
Subserosa
Lamina propria
Innermost mucosal layer → Simple columnar epithelium

Question 11

Oviducts Blood supply

Answer 11

Tubal branches of ovarian artery

Tubal branches of uterine artery

Question 12

Oviducts Lymph drainage

Answer 12

Iliac and lateral aortic lymph nodes

Question 13

Oviducts Function

Answer 13

Fertilisation

Question 14

Uterus: Position

Answer 14

Inside the pelvis immediately dorsal (and usually somewhat rostral) to the urinary bladder and ventral to the rectum.

Question 15

Uterus: Shape

Answer 15

Pear-shaped

Question 16

Uterus: Parts

Answer 16

Cervix (neck of uterus)

Body of the uterus and fundus

Question 17

Uterus: Wall structure

Answer 17

• Endometrium
• Myometrium
• Perimetrium

Question 18

Uterus: Ligaments

Answer 18

Broad ligament

Round ligament

Question 19

Uterus:Principal structure

Answer 19

Body of the uterus?

Question 20

Uterus:Blood supply

Answer 20

Ovarian and uterine arteries

Question 21

Uterus:Venous drainage to corresponding veins

Answer 21

Uterine veins

Question 22

Uterus:Lymph drainage

Answer 22

Body and cervix → internal iliac lymph nodes

Fundus → para-aortic lymph nodes, lumbar and inguinal

Question 23

Uterus: Function

Answer 23

Pregnancy

Hormone production

Question 24

Uterus: Support structures of the uterus

Answer 24

Condensations of endoplevic fascia

Question 25

Uterus:What can happen if the support structures of the uterus are damaged e.g. during childbirth?

Answer 25

Prolapse uterus

Question 26

Vagina → Structure

Answer 26

Fibromuscular elastic tubular tract.

Question 27

Vagina → Epithelium

Answer 27

Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium

Question 28

Vagina →Principal support

Answer 28

``` Fornices • Anterior • Posterior • Right lateral • Left lateral Lower 1/3 → levator ani muscles. ```

Question 29

Vagina → Blood supply

Answer 29

Superior part to uterine artery | Middle and inferior parts to vaginal artery (internal iliac artery)

Question 30

Vagina Venous drainage

Answer 30

Uterovaginal venous plexus, vaginal vein

Question 31

Vagina → Lymph drainage

Answer 31

Upper part to → internal iliac lymph nodes | Lower part → Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Question 32

Vagina →Function

Answer 32

Reproduction facilitation

Question 33

Vagina →What are the vesicouterine and rectouterine spaces

Answer 33

Vesicouterine space →peritoneum over the uterus and bladder Rectouterine space → pouch of doughlas

Question 34

Male Reproductive Organs: Testis Coverings: Capsule

Answer 34

Capsule | Tunica vaginalis

Question 35

Male Reproductive Organs: Testis Tunica vaginalis (remnant processus vaginalis)

Answer 35

Has visceral lamina and parietal lamina

Question 36

Male Reproductive Organs: Testis Fascia:

Answer 36

Internal spermatic Cremasteric External spermatic

Question 37

Male Reproductive Organs: Testis Innervation of cremasteric muscle

Answer 37

Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

Question 38

Testes: Contain

Answer 38

Epididymus Arteries Veins Sperm

Question 39

Testes: Blood supply

Answer 39

Testicular artery

Question 40

Testes:Venous drainage

Answer 40

Testicular vein and pampiniform plexus

Question 41

Testes:Nerve supply

Answer 41

Spermatic plexus derived from the renal plexus receving branches form the aortic plexus

Question 42

Testes:Functions

Answer 42

Spermiogenesis

Question 43

Testes:Lymph

Answer 43

Para-aortic

Question 44

Epididymis: Position

Answer 44

Posterolateral surface of testis

Question 45

Epididymis: Parts

Answer 45

Head →receives spermatozoa via the efferent ducts The Body The Tail → absorbing fluid to make the sperm more concentrated

Question 46

Epididymis: Functions

Answer 46

Storage of sperm

Question 47

Ductus Deferens: Structure

Answer 47

Muscular tube (smooth muscle). Epithelium is lined by stereocilia

Question 48

Ductus Deferens: Origin

Answer 48

Epididymis

Question 49

Ductus Deferens: How does this enter the abdomen

Answer 49

Deep ring to superficial inguinal ring then into abdomen

Question 50

Ductus Deferens: This joins with the ducts of which glands to form the ejaculatory ducts

Answer 50

Seminal vesicles

Question 51

Spermatic cord: Contents

Answer 51

Arteries → testicular artery, deferential artery, cremasteric artery. Nerves → Genital branch of genitofermal and testicular nerves Vas deferens Pampiniform plexus Lymph Tunica vaginalis

Question 52

Spermatic cord: Coverings

Answer 52

External spermatic fascia → overlies aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle Cremasteric muscle and fascia → continuation of the internal oblique muscle and its fascia Internal spermatic fascia → continuous with transversalis fascia

Question 53

Prostate Gland: Structure

Answer 53

Larger than a walnut

Question 54

Prostate Gland: Anatomical relations

Answer 54

Surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder

Question 55

Prostate Gland: Blood supply

Answer 55

Internal pudendal artery Inferior vesical artery Middle rectal artery

Question 56

Prostate Gland: Venous drainage

Answer 56

Prostatic venous plexis Pudendal plexus Internal iliac vein Vesicle plexus

Question 57

Prostate Gland:Lymph drainage

Answer 57

External iliac nodes Internal iliac lymph Sacra lymph nodes

Question 58

Prostate Gland:Function

Answer 58

is to secrete a slightly alkaline fluid, milky or white in appearance, that usually constitutes 50–75% of the volume of the semen along with spermatozoa and seminal vesicle fluid.

Question 59

Seminal vesicles: Structure

Answer 59

Series of glands that drain into a central duct,

Question 60

Seminal vesicles:Function

Answer 60

Secrete fluid that becomes semen

Question 61

Seminal vesicles:Ducts of seminal vesicles join which other ducts to form the ejaculatory ducts

Answer 61

Vas deferens

Question 62

Seminal vesicles:Sympathetic contractions leads to

Answer 62

Mixing of sperm and fluid

Question 63

Bulbourethral glands: Structure

Answer 63

compound tubulo-alveolar glands, each approximately the size of a pea in humans.

Question 64

Bulbourethral glands: Function

Answer 64

During sexual arousal each gland produces a clear, salty, viscous secretion known as pre-ejaculate. This fluid helps to lubricate the urethra for spermatozoa to pass through, neutralizing traces of acidic urine in the urethra,[4] and helps flush out any residual urine or foreign matter.

Question 65

Bulbourethral glands: Where are they found

Answer 65

Posterior and lateral to the membranous portion of the urethra at the base of the penis, between the two layers of the fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, in the deep perineal pouch.