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Cardio > MSK Anatomy 2 --> Lower Limb > Flashcards

MSK Anatomy 2 --> Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Hip Joint: Type of joint

A

Synovial

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2
Q

Hip Joint: Stabilised by

A
  • Deep acetabulum
  • Ligaments of the hip capsule ( iliofemoral, pubofemoral and ischiofemoral)
  • Overlying muscles
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3
Q

Identify the ligaments of the hip Capsule:

A
  1. Iliofemoral
  2. Pubofemoral
  3. Ischiofemoral
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4
Q

Psoas major
Actions
Innervation

A

Flexion Lumbar Nerve

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5
Q

Iliacus
Actions
Innervation

A

Flexion

Femoral nerve

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6
Q

Rectus femoris
Actions
Innervation

A

Flexion Femoral Nerve

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7
Q

Sartorius
Actions
Innervation

A

Flexion Femoral Nerve

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8
Q

Gluteus maximus
Actions
Innervation

A

Extension

Inferior gluteal nerve

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9
Q

Hamstrings
Actions
Innervation

A

Extension Sciatic Nerve

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10
Q

Gluteus Medius
Actions
Innervation

A

Abductors and medial rotators Superior Gluteal Nerve

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11
Q

Gluteus Minimus
Actions
Innervation

A

Abductors and medial rotators Superior Gluteal Nerve

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12
Q

Tensor fascia lata
Actions
Innervation

A

Abductors and medial rotators Superior Gluteal Nerve

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13
Q

Pectineus
Actions
Innervation

A

Adductors Femoral Nerve

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14
Q

Adductors longus
Actions
Innervation

A

Adductors Obturator Nerve

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15
Q

Brevis
Actions
Innervation

A

Adductors Obturator Nerve

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16
Q

Magnus
Actions
Innervation

A

Adductors Obturator Nerve and Sciatic Nerve

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17
Q

Muscles acting on the hip joint → flexors

A

Psoas major
Iliacus
Rectus femoris
Sartorius

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18
Q

Muscles acting on the hip joint → Extensors:

A

Gluteus maximus

Hamstrings

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19
Q

Abductors and medial rotators: acting on the hip joint

A

Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Tensor fascia lata

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20
Q

Adductors → of the hip

A

Pectineus
Adductors longus
Brevis
Magnus

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21
Q

Groin Strain →

A

Adductors

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22
Q

Posterior hip dislocation sign

A

in posterior dislocation the lower limb will appear shortened and internally rotated.

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23
Q
  1. The hip Joint is a very stable joint; if dislocation occurs, it is often with association
A

fracture of acetabulum

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24
Q
  1. Injections into the buttock should be given in the outer quadrant because
A

Sciatic Nerve

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25
Q

Femoral Triangle Borders

A

Lateral → Sartorius muscle

Medially → Adductor longus muscle

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26
Q

Femoral Triangle Contents

A

Femoral Vein
Femoral Artery
Femoral Nerve

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27
Q

Knee Joint → type of joint

A

Synovial

28
Q

Knee Joint → stabilized by

A

Anterior and posterior cruciate ligament

Medial and lateral collateral ligaments

29
Q

Ligaments of the Knee →

A
  1. Anterior and Posterior cruciate ligaments
  2. Medial (tibial) and lateral (fibular) collateral ligaments
  3. Quadriceps tendon and patellar ligament
30
Q

Extensors of the knee

A

Rectus Femoris
Vastus medialis
Vastus Intermedius
Vastus Lateralis

31
Q

Flexors of the knee

A

Hamstrings
Semimembranous
Semitendinosus
Biceps Femoris

32
Q

Hamstrings
Actions
Innervation

A

Flexes and medially rotates knee at hip

Tibial portion of Sciatic Nerve

33
Q

Semimembranous
Actions
Innervation

A

Flexes and medially rotates knee at hip

Tibial portion of Sciatic Nerve

34
Q

Semitendinosus
Actions
Innervation

A

Flexes and medially rotates knee at hip

Tibial portion of Sciatic Nerve

35
Q

Biceps Femoris
Actions
Innervation

A

Flexes and medially rotates knee at hip

Tibial portion of Sciatic Nerve

36
Q

Rectus Femoris
Actions
Innervation

A

Extension of leg at knee Femoral Nerve

37
Q

Vastus medialis
Actions
Innervation

A

Extension of leg at knee Femoral Nerve

38
Q

Vastus Intermedius
Actions
Innervation

A

Extension of leg at knee Femoral Nerve

39
Q

Vastus Lateralis
Actions
Innervation

A

Extension of leg at knee Femoral Nerve

40
Q

bursitis

A
  1. There are many bursae (fluid-filled spaces) around the knee (suprapatellar, infrapatellar, prepatellar); the prepatellar bursa is most commonly affected by inflammation
41
Q

Genu Varum

A

Bow legs

42
Q

Genu valgam

A

Knock-Kneed

43
Q

Popliteal fossa →

Superomedial

A

Semimembranous (and semiteninoud)

44
Q

Popliteal fossa →

Superolateral

A

Biceps Femoris

45
Q

Popliteal fossa →

Inferior

A

Gastronemius

46
Q

Popliteal fossa →

Contents

A 
Tibial Nerve
Popliteal vein
Popliteal Artery
Small Saphenous vein
Common fibular nerve
47
Q

Identify and describe the tibiofibular joints Superior

A

Synovial joint

48
Q

Identify and describe the tibiofibular joints Inferior

A

Fibrous

49
Q

Compartment syndrome

A

The compartments of the leg are enclosed in Fascia where increased pressure (e.g. following tibial fracture) may cause vascular compromise

50
Q

Osgood-Schlatter disease

A

Children in their growth spurts may experience pain in the tibial tuberosity, where the patellar ligament attaches: growth plate strain =

51
Q

Shin Splints

A

is exercise-inducedd pain, which may be caused by periostitis around muscle origin

52
Q

Ankle → Type of Joint

A

Synovial (between tibia and talus)

53
Q

Ankle –> stabilised

A

Bony Morphology
Medially →deltoid ligament
Laterally → lateral ligaments

54
Q

Muscles acting on the ankle Joint

Plantarflexion:

A

Gastronemius
Soleus
Long Flexors
Peroneal muscles

55
Q

Muscles acting on the ankle Joint

Dorsiflexion:

A

Tibilas anterior
Long toe extensors
Peroneus tertius

56
Q

Gastronemius
Action
Innervation

A

Plantarflexion

Tibial Nerve

57
Q

Soleus
Action
Innervation

A

Plantarflexion

Tibial Nerve

58
Q

Long Flexors
Action
Innervation

A

Plantarflexion

Tibial Nerve

59
Q

Peroneal muscles
Action
Innervation

A

Plantarflexion

Superficial peroneal nerve

60
Q

Tibilas anterior
Action
Innervation

A

Dorsiflexion

Deep peroneal Nerve

61
Q

Long toe extensors
Action
Innervation

A

Dorsiflexion

Deep peroneal Nerve

62
Q

Peroneus tertius
Action
Innervation

A

Dorsiflexion

Deep peroneal Nerve

63
Q

Subtalar and transerverse tarsal Joints → movement

A

Inversion and eversion

64
Q
  1. Forceful inversion and eversion may tear
A

the collateral ligaments of the ankle (ankle sprains) especially on lateral side; the malleoli may also be fractured in these types of injury

65
Q
  1. Fractures of neck of talus may interrupt
A

blood supply to post. Part of bone causing avascular necrosis

66
Q
  1. Achilles tendon rupture tends to occur at
A

maximum stretch (knee extended, ankle dorsiflexed)

67
Q
  1. Calcaneal apophysitis (Sever’s disease) affects the
A

region of insertion of the Achilles tendon in young adolescents during their growth spurts.

Cardio (108 decks)

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