MSK Anatomy 1 --> Upper Limb

Question 1

Sternoclavicular Type of Joint

Answer 1

Synovial joint

Question 2

Sternoclavicular Stabilised by

Answer 2

Costoclavicular ligament

Question 3

Acromioclavicular Type of Joint

Answer 3

Synovial joint

Question 4

Acromioclavicular Stabilised by

Answer 4

Coracoclavicular ligament

Question 5

Serratus Anterior Actions

Answer 5

Damage causes winging of scapula

Question 6

Serratus Anterior Nerve Supply

Answer 6

Long thoracic nerve

Question 7

Trapezius Actions

Answer 7

Elevates, retracts and rotates scapula

Question 8

Trapezius Nerve Supply

Answer 8

Accessory nerve

Question 9

Levator scapulae Actions Elevates scapula

Answer 9

Elevates scapula

Question 10

Levator scapulae Nerve Supply

Answer 10

Cervical nerve (C3, C4) and dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

Question 11

Rhomboid major and minor Actions

Answer 11

Retract scapula

Question 12

Rhomboid major and minor Nerve Supply

Answer 12

Dorsal Scapular nerve

Question 13

Pectoralis minor Actions

Answer 13

Flexes, adducts, internally rotates shoulder

Question 14

Pectoralis minor Nerve Supply

Answer 14

Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)

Question 15

Why do fractures occur in clavicle

Answer 15

• The Strong ligaments at either end of the clavicle means that fractures are more common than dislocations’ not a posterior dislocation of the medial end is dangerous as it may compress the great vessels.

Question 16

Glenohumural joint → Type of Joint

Answer 16

Synovial Joint

Question 17

Glenohumural joint → Stabilised by

Answer 17

Rotator cuffs

Question 18

Glenohumural joint → What prevents upward displacement of the humoral head

Answer 18

Coracoacromial ligament

Question 19

Glenohumural joint → What occupies the space between the greater tubercle of the humerus and the acromian

Answer 19

Rotator cuffs?

Question 20

Deltoid Action

Answer 20

Shoulder abduction, flexion and extension

Question 21

Deltoid Nerve supply

Answer 21

Axillary nerve

Question 22

Pectoralis major Action

Answer 22

Adducts and medially rotates the humerus

Question 23

Pectoralis major Nerve supply

Answer 23

Lateral and medial pectoral nerve

Question 24

Latissimus dorsi Action

Answer 24

Adducts, extend and internally rotate the arm

Question 25

Latissimus dorsi Nerve supply

Answer 25

Thoracodorsal nerve

Question 26

Teres Major Action

Answer 26

Internal rotation of the humerus

Question 27

Teres Major Nerve supply

Answer 27

Lower subscapular nerve

Question 28

Subscapularis Action

Answer 28

Abducts the arm

Question 29

Subscapularis Innervation

Answer 29

Upper and Low subscapular nerve (C5-C6)

Question 30

Supraspinatus Action

Answer 30

Internally rotates the humerus

Question 31

Supraspinatus Innervation

Answer 31

Suprascapular nerve (C5)

Question 32

Infraspinatus Action

Answer 32

Externally rotates the arm

Question 33

Infraspinatus Innervation

Answer 33

Suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)

Question 34

Teres minor Action

Answer 34

Externally rotates the arm

Question 35

Teres minor Innervation

Answer 35

Axillary nerve (C5)

Question 36

What are at risk of impingement under coracoacromial arch

Answer 36

The supraspinatus tendon and subacromial bursa

Question 37

Elbow Joint → Type of Joint

Answer 37

Synovial

Question 38

Elbow Joint → Stabilised by

Answer 38

Bony morphology, collateral ligaments

Question 39

Carrying Angle →

Answer 39

The Trochlea projects more distally than the capitulum, creating the ‘carrying angle’ at the elbow joint. → Male vs. Females

Question 40

Muscles of the arm

Answer 40

Triceps Biceps Brachialis

Question 41

Muscles acting on Shoulder joint:

Answer 41

Deltoid Pectoralis major Latissimus dorsi Teres Major

Question 42

Rotator Cuff Muscles:

Answer 42

Subscapularis Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres minor

Question 43

Triceps action

Answer 43

Extends the forearm

Question 44

Triceps innervation

Answer 44

Radial and axillary nerve

Question 45

Biceps action

Answer 45

Flexes elbows supination

Question 46

Biceps innervation

Answer 46

Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 47

Brachialis action

Answer 47

Flexion of elbow

Question 48

Brachialis innervation

Answer 48

Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 49

Radioulnar Joint → Type of Joint

Answer 49

Synovial Joints

Question 50

Radioulnar Joint → Actions at Joint

Answer 50

Pronation/Supination

Question 51

Pronator quadratus | action and nerve supply

Answer 51

Pronates forearm | Median nerve

Question 52

Pronator teres | action and nerve supply

Answer 52

Pronates Forearm | Median nerve

Question 53

Supinator | action and nerve supply

Answer 53

Supinates Radial Nerve

Question 54

Nursemaid’s elbow

Answer 54

Radial head subclavian (pulled elbow or Nursemaid’s elbow) is common in children under 5y; normally caused by a sudden pull on upper limb; radial head pulls out of annular ligament

Question 55

ulnar nerve damage due to

Answer 55

3Older patients may suffer ulnar nerve damage due to degenerative changes in the cubital tunnel where the ulnar nerve passes behind the medial epicondyle.

Question 56

Anatomical Snuffbox Boundaries

Answer 56

Posterior → Extensor pollicus longus | Anterior -> Extensor pollicus brevis

Question 57

Anatomical Snuffbox Contents

Answer 57

Radial Artery Radial Nerve Cephalic vein

Question 58

Single Palmar skin crease common in

Answer 58

DOWNS SYNDROME

Question 59

Dupuytren’s Contracture →

Answer 59

is a fixed flexion contracture of the hand due to a palmar fibromatosis, where the fingers bend towards the palm. Involves the palmar fascia.

Question 60

Arterial Supply to the wrist

Answer 60

Radial | Ulnar

Question 61

Arterial supply to the hand

Answer 61

Superficial palmar arterial arch | Deep palmar arterial arch

Question 62

Venous Drainage

Answer 62

Dorsal venous plexus of hand?

Question 63

Motor Nerve to wrist and hand

Answer 63

Radial and Median nerves?

Question 64

Cutaneous nerve to risk and hand

Answer 64

Radial nerve → thumb to middle ring finger | Ulnar nerve → medial side of ring finger and little finger

Question 65

1. Osteoarthritis in the hand primarily initially affects the

Answer 65

distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints

Question 66

2. Rhuematoid Arthritis (RA) tends to affect

Answer 66

the wrist, MCP and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints; RA may cause rupture of flexor and extensor tendons, and deformitis such as Swan Neck and Boutonniere

Question 67

3. Mallet finger results from

Answer 67

forced hyperfexion of the finger which avulses the long extensor tendon, and stop the patient being able to extend the distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ).