MSK- hip and thigh anatomy

Question 1

What is the pelvic girdle and lower limb?

Answer 1

• lower limb forms a joint with the trunk at the pelvic girdle

Question 2

what is the pelivc girldle formed from?

Answer 2

2 innominate (hip) bones

Question 3

define pelvis?

Answer 3

term given to basin-shaped structure formed by the pelvic girdle and its associated sacrum

Question 4

what are the 3 innominate (hip) bones?

Answer 4

1. ilium
2. ischium
3. pubis

Question 5

what is the acetabulum?

Answer 5

• lateral surface of innominate (hip bone)
• deeo depression
• forms the hip joint with the almost-sperical head of femur

Question 6

what is the iliac crest?

Answer 6

upper flattened part of the ilium

Question 7

what is the anterior superior iliac spine?

Answer 7

• anterior curve of the ilium

Question 8

ilium forms what joint?

Answer 8

• a synovial joint with the sacrum

- sacroiliac joint

Question 9

what is the sacroiliar joint?

Answer 9

a strong joint capable of absorbing the stresses of weight bearing
- tends to become fibrosed later in life

Question 10

pubis location?

- what does it articulate with?

Answer 10

• anterior part of the innominate (hip bone)

- articulates with the pubis of the other hip bone at a cartilaginous joint called the symphysis pubis

Question 11

Ischium location?

Answer 11

• inferior part of hip bone

Question 12

what is the ischial tuberocities?

Answer 12

rough inferior projections of the ischia

- bear the weight of the body when seated

Question 13

what is the longest and heaviest bone of the body?

Answer 13

• femur

Question 14

femur location and characteristics of the head and neck?

Answer 14

• head is almost spherical and fits into the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint
• neck extends outwards and slightly downwards from the head to the shaft
• most within capsule of joint

Question 15

what is the hip joint formed by?

Answer 15

• acetabulum and spherical head of femur

Question 16

what ligament encloses the head and most of the neck of the femur?

Answer 16

capsular ligament

Question 17

what is the acetabular labrum?

Answer 17

• a ring of fibrocartilage attached to the rim of the acetabulum
• stabilizes the joint without limiting the range of movement
• cavity is deepened by this

Question 18

3 main external ligament of the hip?

Answer 18

1. iliofemoral
2. pubofemoral
3. ischiofemoral

Question 19

what is the localized thickenings of the joint capsule?

Answer 19

hip ligaments

Question 20

felxion muscles of the hip? (3)

Answer 20

1. psoas
2. iliacus
3. sartorius

Question 21

extension muscles of the hip? (3)

Answer 21

1. gluteus
2. maximus
   3, hamstrings

Question 22

abduction muscles of the hip? (3)

Answer 22

1. gluteus medius
2. gluteus minimus
3. sartorius

Question 23

adduction muscles of the hip? (3)

Answer 23

adductor longus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus

Question 24

medial rotation muscles of the hip? (3)

Answer 24

1. gluteus medius
2. gluteus minimus
3. adductor group

Question 25

lateral roation muscles of the hip? (3)

Answer 25

1. gluteus maximus
2. quadratus femoris
3. obturators

Question 26

group of four muscles lying on the front and sides of the thigh?

Answer 26

• rectus femoris

- threevasti: lateralis, medialis and intermedius

Question 27

rectus femoris originates from?

Answer 27

the ilium and the 2 vasti from the upper end of the femur

Question 28

Where do the ilium and the three vasti from the upper end of the femur pass over to be inserted into?

Answer 28

• pass over the front of the knee joint to be inserted into the tibia by the patellar tendon