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MSK: anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What structures move through the flexor retinaculum

A

Median nerve

4 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis

4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

1 tendon of the flexor carpi radialis

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2
Q

What branch of the median nerve supplies the thenar group

A

Recurrent

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3
Q

What are the borders of the anatomical snuff box

A

Extensor pollicus longus and brevis

Contains scaphoid bone

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4
Q

When is supination at its weakest

A

At full extension of arm

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5
Q

When is supination and pronation strongest

A

When elbow joint is flexed at 90 degrees

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6
Q

How does damaging root T1 affect the hand

A

Paralyses the whole hand

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7
Q

What is the brachioradialis innervated by

A

Radial nerve

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8
Q

What is the bicep femoris innervated by

A

Long head - tibial branch of sciatic nerve

Short head - common fibular branch of sciatic

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9
Q

What are the borders that make up the popliteal fossa

A

Superomedial - semimembranous
Superolateral - biceps femoris
Inferomedial - gastrocnemius (medial head)
Inferolateral - gastrocnemius (lateral) and plantaris

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10
Q

What is inside the popliteal fossa

A

Popliteal artery

Tibial nerve

Popliteal vein

Common fibular nerve

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11
Q

What muscle inserting into the thumb is not part of the Thenar group of muscles

A

Adductor pollicis muscle

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12
Q

What is the adductor pollicis muscle innervated by

A

Ulnar nerve

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13
Q

What is the extensor carpi ulnaris innervated by

A

Deep branch of the radial nerve

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14
Q

Why is the adductor policies muscle not a thenar muscle

A

Because it originates from the third metacarpal whilst thenar muscle all originate from a ligament that connects to the hypothenar muscles.

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Hand_dissection_5.jpg

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15
Q

Do we have a flexor digits minimi longus muscle

A

No, just a brevis

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16
Q

does the little finger have an adductor or abductor muscle

A

Has only got an abductor muscle

Thumb as an adductor AND abductor

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17
Q

What do the left and right external iliac artery branch into

A

The femoral artery -> Deep femoral artery + Politeal artery

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18
Q

How long is the femoral canal

A

1.3 cm long

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19
Q

How long is the adductor canal

A

15cm

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20
Q

What make up the borders of the adductor canal

A

Anterior: Sartorius
Lateral: Vastus Medialis
Posterior: Adductor Longus + Magnus
Apex: Adductor Hiatus

21
Q

What is the adductor Hiatus

A

A gap between the adductor and hamstring attachments of the adductor magnus

22
Q

Why is the adductor canal important to note

A

Because the femoral artery and vein turn into the popliteal artery and vein as they pass through the canal

23
Q

What are the borders that form the femoral triangle

A

Superior - Inguinal Ligament
Lateral - Sartorius Muscle
Medial - Medial border of the adductor longus muscle
Roof - Fascia Lata
Base - Pectineus, Iliopsoas, adductor longus muscles

24
Q

WHat part of the femoral triangle acts as the flexor retinaculum

A

The inguinal ligament

25
What is the role of a flexor retinaculum
Supports the content of the femoral triangle during flexion E.g. Inguinal ligaments does this during flexion at the hip
26
What are the contents of the femoral triangle
``` NAVEL: Nerve (femoral) Artery (femoral) Vein Empty Lymph ```
27
Why do we need a space in the femoral triangle
To allow distension of the veins + lymph vessels
28
What is the cubital fossa
Marks the transition between the anatomical arm and forearm
29
What are the borders of the cubital fossa
An imaginary straight line between the lateral and medial epicondyles Medial wall of pronator teres Lateral wall of the brachioradialis
30
What are the contents of the cubital fossa
Really Need Beer To Be At My Nicest RN - Radial Nerve BT - Bicep Tendon BA - Brachial Artery MN - Median Nerve
31
What forms the borders of the anatomical snuffbox
Medial: Tendon of extensor pollicis longus Lateral: Tendon of abductor pollicis longus + extensor pollicis brevis Proximal: Styloid process of radius Floor: Scaphoid and trapezium Roof: Skin
32
What are the contents of the anatomical snuffbox
Radial Artery Radial Nerve Cephalic Vein Raisons Are Reasonably Nice Covered in Vodka
33
What structure is the axilla located under
The glenohumeral joint
34
What forms the borders of the axilla
Apex - Lateral border of first rib, scapula and clavicle Lateral - Formed by intertubercular groove of the humerus Medial - Serratus Anterior + Thoracic Wall Anterior - Pectoralis Major, Pectoralis Minor and subclavian muscles Posterior - Subscapularis, teres major and latissimus dorsi
35
What are the contents of the axilla
``` Axillary Artery Axillary Vein Brachial Plexus Biceps Brachii + Coracobrachialis Axillary Lymph Nodes ```
36
Name two lateral rotator muscles of the leg
Piriformis | Obturator externus
37
What are the five adductor muscle groups
1. Pectineus 2. Adductor brevis 3. Adductor Longus 4. Adductor Magnus 5. Gracilis
38
Name the tarsal bones
``` T - Talus N - Navicular C - Cuneiform C - Cuboidal C - Calcaneus ``` Cheesy Captain Crabs Needs Turtles
39
What does the popliteal artery divide into
Anterior tibial artery Posterior tibial artery Fibular artery
40
What is the junction between the hamstring and adductor part of the adductor magnus called
Adductor hiatus
41
Why is the adductor hiatus important
Because this is where the femoral artery becomes the popliteal artery
42
What two ligaments stabilise the ankle joint
The medial and lateral Malleolus
43
What kind of joint links the tibia and fibia together
Syndesmosis joint
44
Where are seasmoid bones located
At the distal end of foot metatarsals
45
What is the calcification of seasmoid bones a sign of
pubertal growth spurt
46
How many heads does the flexor hallicis brevis have
Two heads
47
In what tendons are the seasmoid bones found in the foot
In the flexor hallicis brevis
48
In what tendons are seasmoid bones found in the hands
Adductor pollicis and flexor pollicis brevis muscle
49
Innervation of foot lumbricals
1st lumbrical (Medial plantar) and 3 lateral lumbricals (Lateral plantar nerves)

Phase 1 (30 decks)

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