Molecular Genetics

Question 1

What direction does DNA run in?

Answer 1

Anti Parallel, 2 opposite ways

Question 2

What unzips the DNA strand?

Answer 2

Enzyme called helicase

Question 3

What are the 2 bases?

Answer 3

Purines, and pyrimidines

Question 4

What do purines contain?

Answer 4

Guanine and Adenine

Question 5

What do pyrimidines contain?

Answer 5

Cytosine and thymine

Question 6

What strand are Okazaki fragments on?

Answer 6

Lagging strand

Question 7

How long are okazaki fragments?

Answer 7

around 200 nucleotides long

Question 8

What strand is continuous?

Answer 8

Leading Strand

Question 9

What does deletion do?

Answer 9

Removes a gene

Question 10

What does addition/duplication do?

Answer 10

Adds an extra gene

Question 11

What does inversion do?

Answer 11

Reverses the order of the genes

Question 12

What does a translocation do?

Answer 12

Moves a segment of genes from one chromosome to another

Question 13

What is a silent mutation?

Answer 13

Base changes but AA doesnt, so same protein shape

Question 14

What is a nonsense mutation?

Answer 14

Codes for a stop codon to be made

Question 15

What is a codon?

Answer 15

3 bases combined to make a amino acid

Question 16

What is a missense mutation?

Answer 16

Codes for different AA, changing protein sequence

Question 17

What is the adding or deleting of a nucleotide called?

Answer 17

Frame Shift Mutation