Molecular Genetics Flashcards
What direction does DNA run in?
Anti Parallel, 2 opposite ways
What unzips the DNA strand?
Enzyme called helicase
What are the 2 bases?
Purines, and pyrimidines
What do purines contain?
Guanine and Adenine
What do pyrimidines contain?
Cytosine and thymine
What strand are Okazaki fragments on?
Lagging strand
How long are okazaki fragments?
around 200 nucleotides long
What strand is continuous?
Leading Strand
What does deletion do?
Removes a gene
What does addition/duplication do?
Adds an extra gene
What does inversion do?
Reverses the order of the genes
What does a translocation do?
Moves a segment of genes from one chromosome to another
What is a silent mutation?
Base changes but AA doesnt, so same protein shape
What is a nonsense mutation?
Codes for a stop codon to be made
What is a codon?
3 bases combined to make a amino acid
What is a missense mutation?
Codes for different AA, changing protein sequence
What is the adding or deleting of a nucleotide called?
Frame Shift Mutation