Mitosis and Meiosos Flashcards
What is mitosis
Mitosis is a process of cell duplication, in which one cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells.
What is meiosis?
Meiosis is a type of cell division during which a single cell divides twice and produces four daughter cells.
Why are cells so small?
Cells are so small because they need to be able to get the nutrients in and the waste out quickly.
What is Asexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction is a mode of reproduction in which a new offspring is produced by a single parent.
Which type of reproduction makes clones?
Asexual reporduction
Cell Theory
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms.
All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
What are the women and mens gamete cells?
Men - Sperm
Women - Egg
What is sexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction occurs when the sperm from the male parent fertilizes an egg from the female parent, producing an offspring that is genetically different from both parents.
What is diploid?
containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.
What is haploid?
having a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
A CELL THAT HAS ONLY ONE COPY OF EACH CHROM.
How many chromosome do humans have?
Humans have 46 chromosomes
Where do humans get their chromosomes from?
Humans get 23 from each parent (mother and father)
What are genes?
Genes keep coded information in the form of DNA to make a protein
What are alleles?
Alleles are variations of genes, leading to diverse traits such as eye color.
Where does mitosis occur?
Inside the somatic cells
What is mitosis interphase?
Interphase is the longest part of the cell cycle. This is when the cell grows and copies its DNA before moving into mitosis. During mitosis, chromosomes will align, separate, and move into new daughter cells.
What is mitosis prophase?
Chromosomes condense and start to become visible. Spindle fibers begin to form. Centrioles migrate to opposite poles of the cell.
What is mitosis metaphase?
Sister chromatids line up in the middle of the cell on the metaphase plate.
What is mitosis anaphase?
Spindle fibers attach to chromosomes and pull them apart to the opposite poles
What is mitosis telophase?
Nuclear envelope starts to re-form around the chromosomes. 2 new cells start to form
What is mitosis cytokinesis?
In plant cells - Cell plate ~ forms cell wall
In animal cells - Membrane starts to pinch in
What is G1?
Where the growth of organelles happen ~ doubling organelles.
normal metabolic roles.
What is G2?
Growth and preparation for mitosis ~ increase protein - doubling cytoplasm
What is G0?
Nerve never divide go through mitosis.
Teacher
Basic cellular function
-Google
What is S phase?
DNA replication takes place during this phase.
What are the gonads?
The ovaries and testes