Module 7.7 Pancreas Flashcards

1
Q

Upon leaving the stomach and entering into the small intestine, chyme is mixed with the _____\_produced by the _____\_

A

Upon leaving the stomach and entering into the small intestine, chyme is mixed with the secretions produced by the pancreas

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2
Q

The pancreas is an _____\_and an _____\_ gland

A

The pancreas is both an endocrine and an exocrine gland

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3
Q

The endocrine cells of the pancreas form the _______, and are important for _______(through their secretion of the hormones _______ and _______)

A

The endocrine cells of the pancreas form the islets of Langerhans, and are important for fuel metabolism (through their secretion of the hormones insulin and glucagon)

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4
Q

The exocrine cells of the pancreas form _____ and _____

A

The exocrine cells of the pancreas form acini and ducts

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5
Q

Acinar cells secrete ______ _______

A

Acinar cells secrete the pancreatic enzyme

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6
Q

The duct cells secrete an ____\_, ____\_ solution into the _____ ___\_

A

The duct cells secrete an aqueous, alkaline solution into the pancreatic duct

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7
Q

The exocrine cells of the pancreas form acini and ducts. Acinar cells secrete the pancreatic enzymes,

and the duct cells secrete an aqueous, alkaline solution into the pancreatic duct.

A

The exocrine cells of the pancreas form acini and ducts. Acinar cells secrete the pancreatic enzymes,

and the duct cells secrete an aqueous, alkaline solution into the pancreatic duct.

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8
Q

Included in the pancreatic enzymes are ______\_, _____\_, and _____\_, which are important for the digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, respectively

A

Included in the pancreatic enzymes are amylase, lipase, and proteases, which are important for the digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, respectively

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9
Q

Included in the pancreatic enzymes are

amylase: digests _____\_
lipase: digests ___\_
proteases: digests ____\_

A

Included in the pancreatic enzymes are

amylase: digests carbohydrates
lipase: digests fats
proteases: digests proteins

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10
Q

In the same way as pepsinogen, the pancreatic ______\_are produced and secreted in their ____\_ form and must be activated before ___\_ digestion can occur

A

In the same way as pepsinogen, the pancreatic proteases are produced and secreted in their zymogen form and must be activated before protein digestion can occur

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11
Q

Activation of trypsinogen to _____\_is dependent on ______\_: a membrane-bound (brush-border) enzyme of the small intestine.

A

Activation of trypsinogen to trypsin is dependent on enterokinase: a membrane-bound (brush-border) enzyme of the small intestine.

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12
Q

Once activated, ____\_ then activates other zymogens

A

Once activated, Trypsin then activates other zymogens

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13
Q

Activation of pancreatic proteases:

  • The pancreas secretes the zymogens _______\_, _______\_ and _______\_ into the lumen of the small intestine.
  • Trypsinogen is converted to its active form _______\_by the brush border enzyme _______\_.
  • Trypsin then converts other _______\_ to their active forms.
A

Activation of pancreatic proteases:

  • The pancreas secretes the zymogens trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidase into the lumen of the small intestine.
  • Trypsinogen is converted to its active form trypsin by the brush border enzyme enterokinase.
  • Trypsin then converts other zymogens to their active forms.
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14
Q

Pancreatic exocrine secretions are regulated independently by _____\_and _______\_

A

Pancreatic exocrine secretions are regulated independently by secretin and cholecystokinin (CCK)

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15
Q

Regulation of pancreatic exocrine secretions:

  • (Left) Acid in the duodenal lumen increases the release of _____\_ which regulates the secretion of ____________by the pancreas.
  • (Right) Fat and protein products in the duodenal lumen increase the release of ______\_ which regulates the secretion of ____________by the pancreas.
A

Regulation of pancreatic exocrine secretions:

  • (Left) Acid in the duodenal lumen increases the release of secretin which regulates the secretion of aqueous alkaline solution by the pancreas.
  • (Right) Fat and protein products in the duodenal lumen increase the release of cholecystokinin (CCK) which regulates the secretion of digestive enzymes by the pancreas.
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