Module 2: Blood Chapter 10 Flashcards
What is blood composed of?
Specialized cells (such as leukocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets) suspended in plasma
What is hematocrit?
The volume of blood occupied by cells - determined through centrifugation
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What is the buffy coat?
Part of blood composed of leukocytes (WBC’s) and platelets: makes up <1%
Blood plasma is composed of 90% ______ which serves as a transport medium for the cellular components of blood as well as for:
- _____
- _____
- _____
- _____
- _____
- _____
Blood plasma is composed of 90% water which serves as a transport medium for the cellular components of blood as well as for:
- electrolytes
- nutrients
- gases
- plasma proteins
- wastes
- hormones
What is the function of the following blood constituent:
- Water:
Water serves as a transport medium and also carries heat
What is the function of the following blood constituent:
Electrolytes:
- Membrane excitability
- osmotic distribution of fluid between the ECF and ICF
- buffer pH changes
What is the function of the following blood constituent:
Nutrients, wastes, gases, hormones:
Transported in the blood;
The blood gas CO2 plays a role in acid base balance
What is the function of the following blood constituent:
plasma proteins:
- In general, exert an osmotic effect important in the distribution of ECF between the vascular and interstitial compartments
- Buffers pH changes
What is the function of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?
Transport O2 in the circulatory system
How is the shape of erythrocytes (red blood cells) related to their function?
- A mature erythrocyte has a biconcave shape, which increases its surface area,
- a thin and flexible membrane, which allows for movement of the erythrocyte through vessels with small diameters, and
- no nucleus or organelles, which allows more intracellular space for hemoglobin.
There are more than 250 million molecules of haemoglobin in each erythrocyte.
Each haemoglobin molecule is composed of four ________\_(called the globin portion), each of which binds to a heme group. Each heme group contains an _____\_, which binds an O2 molecule and appears red in colour when O2 is bound (e.g., in systemic arterial blood), and appears blue in colour when O2 is not bound (e.g., in systemic venous blood)
There are more than 250 million molecules of haemoglobin in each erythrocyte.
Each haemoglobin molecule is composed of four polypeptide chains (called the globin portion), each of which binds to a heme group. Each heme group contains an iron ion, which binds an O2 molecule and appears red in colour when O2 is bound (e.g., in systemic arterial blood), and appears blue in colour when O2 is not bound (e.g., in systemic venous blood)
The majority of adult hemoglobin is composed of two ____\_and two ____\_ _____\_ ______.
The majority of adult hemoglobin is composed of two alpha and two beta polypeptide chains.
Haemoglobin also combines with
- ,
- _______, and
- _________.
Haemoglobin also combines with
- carbon dioxide (CO2),
- hydrogen ions (H+),
- carbon monoxide (CO2), and
- nitric oxide (NO).
In addition to containing haemoglobin, erythrocytes contain
- _____\_ and
- the enzyme ______\_
In addition to containing haemoglobin, erythrocytes contain
- glycolytic enzymes and
- the enzyme carbonic anhydrase.
Glycolytic enzymes are important in erythrocytes why?
Erythrocytes lack organelles = thus lack a mitochondria = depend on glycolytic enzymes for energy production