Module 5.10: Excretion Flashcards
The products of excretion represent the net balance of the renal processes of ______ _____\_, ______ _____\_, and ______ _____\_
The products of excretion represent the net balance of the renal processes of glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion
The renal handling of a solute can be determined by comparing the amount of __________\_to the amount _______\_.
The renal handling of a solute can be determined by comparing the amount of solute excreted to the amount filtered.
if the amount secreted per minute is less than the amount filtered per minute, the solute will be _____\_.
if the amount secreted per minute is less than the amount filtered per minute, the solute will be reabsorbed.
The renal handling of different solutes can be determined by measuring the _____ ____\_ of the solutes
The renal handling of different solutes can be determined by measuring the plasma clearance of the solutes
What is Plasma clearance?
How is it calculated (equation)?
A virtual volume that is equal to the volume of plasma cleared of a particular solute per minute and is calculated by the following equation.
plasma clearance = excretion rate of the solute (urine concentration × urine flow rate) / plasma concentration of the solute
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be determined clinically by measuring the plasma clearance of ____\_
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be determined clinically by measuring the plasma clearance of inulin
why is inulin an accurate measure of Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)?
Inulin, a carbohydrate derived from artichokes, can be administered intravenously.
Inulin is freely filtered across the glomerular capillaries.
Unlike most solutes naturally present in the plasma, inulin is neither reabsorbed nor secreted. Therefore, the plasma clearance of inulin is an accurate measure of the GFR and is approximately 125 mL/min.
What is creatinine and why is it a more convenient way to estimate GFR?
Creatinine is a byproduct of muscle metabolism.
More convenient than inulin because it is naturally present in the body
Similarly to inulin, Creatine is also freely filtered across the glomerular capillaries and, although it is not reabsorbed, a small amount is _____\_. Thus, the plasma clearance of creatinine will be ____\_ than the GFR and is approximately ______\_.
Similarly to inulin, Creatine is also freely filtered across the glomerular capillaries and, although it is not reabsorbed, a small amount is secreted. Thus, the plasma clearance of creatinine will be greater than the GFR and is approximately 140 mL/min.
Plasma clearance rates can also be used to measure the rate of ______\_flow into the _____\_ capillaries
Plasma clearance rates can also be used to measure the rate of plasma flow into the glomerular capillaries
____________\_ is an organic anion that can be administered clinically and is fully filtered across the glomerular capillaries.
Because it’s not reabsorbed but is fully secreted, the plasma clearance is approximately 625 mL/min, which is equal to the ____ _____ _____ ____\_.
Para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) is an organic anion that can be administered clinically and is fully filtered across the glomerular capillaries.
Because it’s not reabsorbed but is fully secreted, the plasma clearance is approximately 625 mL/min, which is equal to the renal plasma flow rate.
