Module 5 cardiac

Question 1

3 classes of lipoproteins

Answer 1

very low density vLDL
low density LDL
high density HDL

Question 2

how does pregnancy affect cholesterol

Answer 2

raise by 25-50%

Question 3

metabolic syndrome

Answer 3

^risk for ascvd and DM
3+ of:
dld
^glucose
>130/85
35-40inch waist circ

Question 4

how long do statins take to work

Answer 4

w/in 2 weeks, max:4-6weeks

reduced 25-63% depends on dose

Question 5

Statins use/se/interactions

Answer 5

lower LDLs
myopathies/rhabdo, dm
other lipid lowering drugs (xBile acid sequestrants) and cyp3a4 inhibitors=^ levels

Question 6

Niacin use/se

Answer 6

reduces LDL & TG levels, Raises HDL

se: flushing-take asa prior

Question 7

Bile acid sequestrants (colesevelam)

Answer 7

reduces LDL, increases VLDL in some

se: constipation

Question 8

Ezetimibe

Answer 8

reduces total cholesterol, LDL, apolipoprotein B

Question 9

fibrates (gemfibrozil, fenofibrate)

Answer 9

lowers triglycerides, raise HDL
^rhabdomyolysis risk w statins**
gemfibrozil displaces warfarin

Question 10

lovaza

Answer 10

omega 3’s to lower triglycerides

Question 11

angina goals of therapy

Answer 11

prevent Myocardial infarction/death, prevent myocardial ischemia and pain

Question 12

3 types of meds for angina

Answer 12

organic nitrates
beta blockers
calcium channel blockers

Question 13

Ranolazine

Answer 13

combine with meds for angina

decreases accumulation of sodium and calcium in myocardial cells=efficient energy use

Question 14

unstable vs stable angina

Answer 14

stable-when active

unstable-when doing nothing

Question 15

how do nitrates work

Answer 15

decreases O2 demand by dilating veins =vVenous return to heart=vVentricular filling=vPreload by vWall tension

Question 16

what antiplts are given for angina

Answer 16

aspirin, clopidogrel

Question 17

meds given for unstable angina

Answer 17

asa
plavix
b blocker
statin
ACE