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INDG107 > Module 12 > Flashcards

Module 12 Flashcards

1
Q

What do cultural revitalization, resurgence, and reconciliation represent in the context of decolonization?

A

They represent various aspects of decolonization.

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2
Q

What are the five stages of colonization?

A

The five stages of colonization are not mutually exclusive categories.

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3
Q

What oppressive measures have Indigenous cultures faced throughout the colonial relationship?

A

Federal legislation such as the Indian Act, assimilation, and segregation policies.

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4
Q

According to the NCCAH, what has contributed to disruption in the social fabric of Aboriginal communities?

A

Colonization policies, racism, and discrimination.

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5
Q

What are some ongoing issues faced by Indigenous peoples in Canada?

A
  • Racism and discrimination * Inequities in justice, healthcare, and education * Missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls * Violations of treaty rights
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6
Q

What is the impact of intergenerational trauma on Aboriginal communities?

A

Elevated rates of suicide, alcoholism, violence, and pervasive demoralization.

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7
Q

What role does language play in Indigenous culture?

A

Language is the foundation of culture, holding knowledge, stories, laws, and customs.

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8
Q

What percentage of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit peoples were engaged in learning an Indigenous language as a second language in 2014?

A
  • 23% of First Nations * 35% of Métis * 10% of Inuit
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9
Q

What has helped Indigenous peoples reclaim their right to speak their languages?

A

Political strength and inclusion of Aboriginal rights in Section 35 of the Constitution.

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10
Q

What is a notable example of cultural expression among First Nations?

A

Pow Wows.

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11
Q

What are some forms of Indigenous artistic expression?

A
  • Soapstone carving * Totem poles * Basket weaving * Quill work * Beading and embroidery
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12
Q

What music genre has been used by Indigenous artist Eekwol to affirm Indigenous culture?

A

Hip-hop.

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13
Q

How is cultural revitalization connected to decolonization?

A

It represents a return to traditional values and principles.

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14
Q

What does decolonization include according to the text?

A

A healing journey and the assertion of culture.

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15
Q

What is Indigenous resurgence primarily focused on?

A

Rejuvenating Indigenous nationhood.

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16
Q

What critique is made about state-sanctioned recognition of Aboriginal rights?

A

It reproduces a hierarchical relationship between the state and Indigenous peoples.

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17
Q

What is the essence of Indigenous identity and nationhood connected to?

A

Place-based connections to the land.

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18
Q

What is the focus of Indigenous resurgence regarding land?

A

Re-connection to the natural world and maintenance of reciprocal relationships.

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19
Q

What does the Water Walkers movement aim to raise awareness about?

A

The need to protect water.

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20
Q

Who initiated the Idle No More movement?

A

Four Saskatchewan women: Sylvia McAdam, Jessica Gordon, Nina Wilson, and Sheelah McLean.

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21
Q

Fill in the blank: Cultural revitalization through language assertion is significant for _______.

A

[identity and wellness]

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22
Q

True or False: Cultural revitalization implies a return to pre-contact lifestyles.

A

False.

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23
Q

What is Idle No More?

A

A movement focused on Indigenous resurgence, addressing environmental and sovereignty concerns.

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24
Q

Who were the founders of Idle No More?

A

Sylvia McAdam, Jessica Gordon, Nina Wilson, and Sheelah McLean.

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25
What was the catalyst for the Idle No More movement?
The Harper government’s introduction of Bill C-45 in October 2012.
26
What implications did Bill C-45 have?
Loosened restrictions on treaty lands and decreased environmental protections.
27
What was removed from federal oversight by Bill C-45?
Most lakes and rivers in Canada.
28
How did the name 'Idle No More' originate?
It was coined by Jessica Gordon for the Group’s Facebook page.
29
What type of protests did Idle No More initiate?
Rallies and flash mob round dances across Canada.
30
What was a significant event that gained attention for Idle No More?
Chief Teresa Spence's hunger strike coinciding with a National Day of Action.
31
What is the philosophy of the Idle No More movement?
Non-violent protest focused on Indigenous sovereignty, rights, and environmental protection.
32
What does the vision statement of Idle No More emphasize?
A peaceful revolution honoring Indigenous sovereignty and protecting the environment.
33
What is 'extraction research'?
Research conducted by outsiders that benefits external parties, often neglecting Indigenous communities.
34
What is 'insurgent research'?
Research conducted within Indigenous frameworks that empowers Indigenous communities.
35
What principles underpin insurgent research?
* Respecting Indigenous knowledge * Community responsibility * Action-oriented outcomes
36
How does resurgence relate to decolonization?
It involves returning to traditional values and recognizing sources of oppression.
37
What are the key elements of reconciliation according to the TRC?
* Awareness of the past * Acknowledgment of harm * Atonement * Action to change behavior
38
What are the 94 Calls to Action?
Recommendations from the TRC aimed at fostering a respectful relationship between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples.
39
What role does education play in reconciliation?
Educating Canadians about Indigenous history and addressing educational gaps.
40
What was the impact of residential schools on Indigenous education?
They promoted negative portrayals and suppressed Indigenous cultures.
41
What is mandatory treaty education?
A requirement in Saskatchewan's K-12 curriculum aimed at improving understanding of treaties.
42
What is the significance of including Indigenous knowledge in education?
It affirms the relevance of Indigenous perspectives and enhances learning.
43
What is a key difference between Indigenous and Western knowledge regarding environmentalism?
Indigenous knowledge emphasizes reciprocal relationships with the land.
44
What is the potential benefit of integrating Indigenous knowledge into education?
It can strengthen relationships between settler populations and Indigenous peoples.
45
True or False: The Idle No More movement was primarily a reaction to environmental issues.
True
46
What is the relationship between Indigenous knowledge and education systems?
The integration of Indigenous knowledge into education can enhance understanding and strengthen relationships between settler populations and Indigenous peoples ## Footnote This integration plays a key role in reconciliation efforts.
47
What is the purpose of the Calls to Action in Canadian reconciliation?
To address various levels of government, institutions, organizations, and individuals towards reconciliation efforts ## Footnote These initiatives often aim to engage both specific groups and the general public.
48
What criticism do many reconciliation initiatives face?
They are criticized for appearing as romantic attempts to smooth over Indigenous-settler relations without creating meaningful change ## Footnote This criticism highlights the gap between good intentions and actual impact.
49
How do many Canadians view their connection to Indian Residential schools?
Many do not see a connection, believing colonialism is a thing of the past and that they are not responsible for historical injustices ## Footnote This perception can hinder reconciliation efforts.
50
What is a 'pedagogy of discomfort'?
A learning process that engages individuals emotionally in confronting their identities and connections to social injustices ## Footnote It aims to address feelings of guilt, anger, or denial regarding colonialism.
51
What narratives are reinforced by mainstream education regarding colonialism?
The narratives often depict colonialism as a natural process and frame Indigenous peoples negatively ## Footnote This normalization perpetuates racist assumptions and a sense of entitlement to Indigenous lands.
52
Define 'settler colonialism'.
A process where settlers occupy Indigenous lands, claiming sovereignty and attempting to eliminate Indigenous peoples ## Footnote It is both an historical and ongoing project.
53
What are the characteristics of effective initiatives to transform settler consciousness?
* Creating accountable narratives * Challenging the status quo * Building just relationships * Committing to ongoing engagement ## Footnote These elements are crucial for meaningful reconciliation.
54
What is the significance of the term 'settler'?
It refers to non-Indigenous people who occupy lands originally inhabited by Indigenous peoples ## Footnote While not derogatory, it can elicit negative reactions.
55
What does the grassroots movement 'Idle No More' advocate for?
Supports Indigenous sovereignty, land-based relationships, and environmental justice ## Footnote It emerged in response to Bill C-45, which threatened Indigenous land protections.
56
What does 'Indigenous resurgence' promote?
A turn away from state-sanctioned rights towards asserting Indigenous sovereignty and responsibilities ## Footnote It emphasizes land-based reciprocal relationships.
57
What is the role of settlers in reconciliation efforts?
Settlers must take responsibility for their own education and unlearning of dominant narratives ## Footnote Indigenous peoples should not bear the primary burden of leading these efforts.
58
What is the relationship between reconciliation and decolonization?
Reconciliation efforts can contribute to decolonization by addressing and dismantling ongoing colonial structures ## Footnote It involves a two-way relationship between Indigenous peoples and settler Canadians.
59
What is cultural revitalization?
A renewal of positive Indigenous identity through the revitalization of cultural practices and language ## Footnote It is a key aspect of Indigenous identity expression.
60
Complete the sentence: Reconciliation is primarily focused on renewing the _______.
relationship between Indigenous peoples and settler Canadians.
61
What must reconciliation initiatives include alongside truth and justice?
Action-oriented aspects to ensure meaningful change ## Footnote Simply raising awareness is insufficient for dismantling colonial structures.

INDG107 (45 decks)

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