Module 3 - Emergence of Metis People Flashcards
How did the Métis emerge as a distinct cultural group?
The Métis emerged through intermarriage between First Nations women and European traders, later forming their own communities, distinct culture, and shared sense of nationhood.
Where is considered the birthplace of Métis nationalism?
The Red River region, in present-day Manitoba, is considered the birthplace of Métis nationalism.
What was significant about the location of the Red River Colony?
The Red and Assiniboine rivers provided access to transportation, fertile land for farming, and proximity to Plains hunting territories.
How did the Métis community organize their land in the Red River region?
They used long narrow river lots, which were divided into French and English parishes.
What were the three main factors contributing to Métis nationalism at Red River?
The Buffalo Hunt
Settler Conflict
Conflict with the Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC)
How did the buffalo hunt contribute to Métis nationalism?
The hunt involved military-style organization, community participation, and adherence to rules, fostering a sense of unity and identity.
What was the Battle of Seven Oaks, and why is it significant?
A conflict in 1816 between Métis and Selkirk settlers, seen as a defining moment of Métis nationalism and the first time their flag was flown.
What role did the Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC) play in the Red River region?
The HBC acted as a governing authority, enforcing laws to maintain their trading monopoly, often clashing with the Métis.
What was the outcome of the Sayer Trial in 1849?
While Pierre-Guillaume Sayer was found guilty of illegal trading, no punishment was imposed, reinforcing Métis resistance to the HBC’s monopoly.
How did the Sayer Trial contribute to Métis nationalism?
It was seen as a victory for Métis trading rights and strengthened their political and economic aspirations.
What role did Métis nationalism play in resistance to Canadian expansion?
It solidified their identity and rights, setting the stage for resistance against Canadian sovereignty imposed without recognition of Métis rights.
