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Biology > MITOSIS > Flashcards

MITOSIS Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

interphase

A

period between 2 mitotic divisions, cell grows, copies DNA, and synthesizes proteins

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2
Q

prophase

A

first stage of mitosis in cell division
condensation of chromosomes and dissolution of nuclear envelope
chromosomes (DNA) replicates

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3
Q

metaphase

A

all of the chromosomes move to the cell’s equator

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4
Q

anaphase

A

chromosomes separate

* mitotic spindle pulls sister chromatids to opposite poles

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5
Q

telaphase

A

final stage of mitosis

nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes, cell division begins, mitotic spindles disappear

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6
Q

cytokinesis

A

division of the cytoplasma of a cell, follows the division of the cells nucleus
*Cell divides, two daughter cells form

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7
Q

Prometaphase

A

nucleus dissolves, mitotic spindle (microtubules) attach to centromeres

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8
Q

chromosome

A

eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein in a prokaryotic cell-main ring of DNA

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9
Q

chromatid

A

one of the 2 stands of a chromosome that become visible during mitosis

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10
Q

centromere

A

region of chromosomes that hold the 2 sister chromatids together during mitosis

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11
Q

Cell cycle

A

repeating sets of events in a life of a cell

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12
Q

mitosis

A

eukaryotic cell, process of cell division that forms 2 new nuclei each of which has the same number of chromosomes

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13
Q

cancer

A

a tumor where the cells begin dividing at an uncontrolled rate and become invasive

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14
Q

centriole

A

organelle that is composed of 2 short microtubules at right angles to each other and have an active role in mitosis

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15
Q

cell plate

A

precursor of a new plant cell wall that forms during cell division and divides a cell into 2

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16
Q

spindle fiber

A

one of the microtubules that extend across a dividing eukaryotic cell
assists in the movement of chromosomes

17
Q

nucleus

A

eukaryotic cell membrane bound organelle that contains the cells DNA and has a role in processes like metabolism, growth, and reproduction

18
Q

what is the relationship betwenn interphase and cytokinesis

A

interphase is not cell division and cytokinesis is cell division

19
Q

is interphase a part of mitosis?

A

NO

20
Q

what happens after cytokinesis?

A

interphase starts again

21
Q

when is chromatin present?

A

interphase

22
Q

when are chromosomes present ?

A

prophase and metaphase

23
Q

when are chromatids present?

A

anaphase

24
Q

G1

A

Cell grows and carry a out regular cell functions

Organelles reproduce

25
Q

S

A

Cell replicates DNA resulting in duplicated chromosomes

26
Q

G2

A

Cell continues to grow and prepare for cell division critical checkpoint
Fixed -> mitosis

27
Q

How many chromosomes are totaled in body cells ?

A

46

28
Q

Chromatin appear and 2 centrioles

A

Interphase

29
Q

Centrioles duplicate & nuclear envelope breaks down

A

Prophase

30
Q

Spindle fibers attach to centromeres

A

Metaphase

31
Q

Pull info to each side

A

Anaphase

32
Q

Nuclear envelope reforms to contain genetic information

A

Telophase

33
Q

Two cells, chromosomes->chromatin

A

Cytokinesis

34
Q

Telophase what forms that is different in animal and plant cells ?

A

Animal cells=cleavage furrow

Plant cells=cell plate

35
Q

Binary fission

A

Method where bacteria reproduce

DNA molecule is replicated; cell splits in 2 identical cells each containing an exact copy of DNA

36
Q

How does binary fission work ?

A

Single DNA molecule replicates and then the DNA strands separate -> cross wall formation = 2 daughter cells of identical composition

37
Q

Characteristics prokaryote cells have the eukaryotic don’t

A

No nucleus
Unicellular only
No membrane bound organelles

38
Q

2 reasons for cell division

A

Cell growth & repair

39
Q

4 stages of mitosis

A

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

Biology (28 decks)

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