Everything For P & C Flashcards
Glycolysis
Anaerobic process in cytoplasm that splits glucose into 2 3 carbon molecules
Cellular respiration
Process where sugars and other carbon based molecules are broken down to produce ATP when oxygen is present
What does anaerobic mean?
No oxygen is present (glycolysis)
In glycolysis is the process inside or outside the mitochondria ?
Outside ( cytoplasm )
Equation for cellular respiration
6O2 + C6H12O6-> 6H2O + 6CO2 + energy
In what organisms does cellular respiration occur ?
Animals and plants
Where does the krebs cycle take place ?
Mitochondrial matrix
What is the process of cellular respiration ?
Glycolysis 2 3 carbon based molecules Carbon dioxide Energy is transferred to 2nd stage Oxygen and energy from glycolysis Water and large # ATP is produced
Is cellular respiration aerobic or anaerobic ?
Glycolysis is anaerobic
Cellular respiration is aerobic
Photosynthesis
Light energy is captured with CO2 to make sugars and oxygen
Equation for photosynthesis
6H2O+6CO2(light)->C6H12O6+6O2
What organism does photosynthesis occur ?
Plants
Calvin cycle ?
Another name for independent reactions which is CO2->sugar
Light dependent reaction
Sunlight+water->oxygen (make energy for independent reactions to occur
What are the energy carrying molecules ?
ATP and nadph
How do humans obtain glucose ?
eat food
What is the overall purpose for cellular respiration?
Produce ATP for the cell (to use in cellular processes like active transport)
What does the arrow stand for in a chemical reaction ?
Stands for yielding
Where is CO2 and O2 found in our environment ?
In the atmosphere
Photosynthesis typically occurs in what type of organism ?
Autotroph
What type of energy is used in photosynthesis
Light energy
What is the overall purpose of photosynthesis
To make food and oxygen
In cellular respiration where is the chemical energy released from and what is it transferred to ?
Released from glucose and transferred to ATP molecules
Metabolic processes that require energy
Aerobic
Fermentation
Combination of glycolysis & additional pathways to regenerate NADP+
3 starting materials of cellular respiration
Glucose oxygen and adp
3 end products of cellular respiration
Carbon dioxide water and energy
Without ______ cellular respiration wouldn’t happen
Glycolysis
Glucose is big so what happens?
Breaks in half ( 2 3 carbon sugars )
What is the activation energy in photosynthesis ?
ATP and nadph
How does ATP release high energy chemical bond?
By removing phosphate & becoming adp
ATP -> ADP + P
What happens in the winter for plants ?
Chlorophyll production slows as trees shut down and photosynthesis stops for the winter so we can see the carotenoid colors that are usually covered by the chlorophyll
2 types of chlorophyll
Chlorophyll A & B
Chlorophyll a - absorbs red and violet & little blue
B- red and blue
That’s why greens reflected
Why do plants have other pigments ?
Help absorb some wavelengths chlorophyll cannot ; plant can make use of suns energy
Thylakoid
Sac like photosynthetic membranes inside chloroplast
Granum
Stack of thylakoids
Storma
Like the cytoplasm . It’s what surrounds the chloroplast inside
Grana
Single thylakoid
Proteins that are part of the thylakoid membrane organize what into clusters called what?
Grana, granum
Molecule that carries high energy electrons
Nadp+
Molecule that carries energy
ATP
ATP high energy electrons special carrier
Nadph cells use this to transport high energy electrons
Light dependent reactions require what ?
Light energy
What does light dependent reactions use light energy to change ?
Adp + P -> ATP
NADP+ +2e- + H+ -> NADPH
Breaks apart water molecules and releases electrons
Where does light independent reaction occur ?
Storms
Where does the dependent reaction occur
Thylakoid
