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Biology > Fungus ! > Flashcards

Fungus ! Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Prokaryote or eukaryote ?

A

Eukaryotes

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1
Q

4 roles of fungi

A

Environmental decomposers
Provide food
Cause disease
Fight disease (penicillin)

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2
Q

Heterotroph or Autotroph

A

Heterotrophs

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3
Q

Sex organ , what they use to reproduce ?

A

Spores

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4
Q

Cell wall made of ?

A

Chitin

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5
Q

Motile or non-motile ?

A

Non motile

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6
Q

What environment do fungi prefer ?

A

Warm dark & moist

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7
Q

How do they get their food ?

A

Through the structure called hyphae

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8
Q

How does the hyphae work ?

A

It grows into food
Then secretes digestive chemicals into food
Then it absorbs nutrients

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9
Q

How do fungi reproduce when conditions are poor ?

A

Reproduce sexually making new spores that are different from both parents

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10
Q

How do fungi reproduce in moist conditions ?

A

Reproduce asexually releasing spores

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11
Q

Is a yeast unicellular or multicellular ?

A

Unicellular

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12
Q

How does a yeast reproduce ?

A

By budding - cell grows from mothers body and breaks off

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13
Q

4 classification of fungi

A

Threadlike
Sac
Club
Imperfect

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14
Q

Example of a classification and what it is

A

Threadlike - produces spores in their threadlike hyphae

Ex. Bread mold

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15
Q

Example of a classification and what it is

A

Sac- produce spores in structure that look like sacs

Ex yeast, lichen

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16
Q

Example of a classification and what it is

A

Club - produce spores in structures that look like clubs

Ex. Mushrooms

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17
Q

Example of a classification and what it is

A

Imperfect - those that cannot reproduce sexually, cause the most fungal diseases
Ex. Ringworm, penicillin, athletes foot

18
Q

Examples of fungi

A

Yeast, molds, mushrooms

19
Q

What is penicillin ?

A

Antibiotic

20
Q

Louie pastear

Who was he and what did he do?

A

Began studying the fungi yeast and discovered it was a living organism

21
Q

Fermentation

Anaerobic or aerobic respiration ?

A

Anaerobic, breaks down sugar without Oxygen

22
Q

What does fungi feed on ?

A

Organic matter- one point living (carbon&hydrogen)

23
Q

Based on how fungi interact with each other, what are the groups ?

A

Decomposer
Mutualist - small group that absorbs nutrients
Predators - capture prey
Parasites - feed without killing

24
Q

Asexual reproduction ?

Sexual ?

A

Asexual - cell division or mitosis

Sexual - each parent contributes (meiosis)

25
Q

2 ecological roles of fungi

A

Provide drugs

Break down dead ORGANIC material through ecosystem

26
Q

2 fungi food sources

A 
Mushrooms
Beer
Champagne 
Truffles
Morels
27
Q

2 fungal diseases

A

Ringworm

Athletes foot

28
Q

What can fungus cause disease in ?

A

Plants & animals !

29
Q

What is a plant disease ?

A

Stem rots

30
Q

Why is it hard to find fossils in layers of rock

A

Microscopic and they don’t have bones !

31
Q

How long have fossils been around ?

A

For a long time

32
Q

Hyphae vs mycellium

A

Hyphae- individual

Mycellium- group of hyphae

33
Q

Good environment with no hyphae = ?

A

Asexual

34
Q

Good environment = ?

A

Sexual

35
Q

Why are some fungi imperfect ?

A

Because they have lost the capacity for sexual reproduction and reproduce by asexual spores or vegetive growth

36
Q

What two organisms make up MYCORRHIZAE ? how to each benefit ?

A

Plants - provide energy rich sugars to fungus

Fungi- allow plants to acquire water and nutrients from soil

37
Q

What relationship is mycorrhizae ?

A

Mutualist

38
Q

Coenocytic vs septate

A

No segments vs segments

39
Q

What is chitin classified as, as an organic compound ?

A

Carbohydrate (polymer)

40
Q

Lichen

A

Fungi that has algae inside (not plants)
Attacks a bare rock, creates soil
ONE OF THE FIRST ON EARTH

41
Q

summary of lichen

A

Combination of fungus and algae

2 organisms living together

42
Q

Septum

A

Cross sections that the cells made up of hyphae are divided by

43
Q

Fragmentation

A

Asexual reproduction, where a separate hypha dries and shelters, releasing individual cells that act as spores

Biology (28 decks)

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