Fungus ! Flashcards
Prokaryote or eukaryote ?
Eukaryotes
4 roles of fungi
Environmental decomposers
Provide food
Cause disease
Fight disease (penicillin)
Heterotroph or Autotroph
Heterotrophs
Sex organ , what they use to reproduce ?
Spores
Cell wall made of ?
Chitin
Motile or non-motile ?
Non motile
What environment do fungi prefer ?
Warm dark & moist
How do they get their food ?
Through the structure called hyphae
How does the hyphae work ?
It grows into food
Then secretes digestive chemicals into food
Then it absorbs nutrients
How do fungi reproduce when conditions are poor ?
Reproduce sexually making new spores that are different from both parents
How do fungi reproduce in moist conditions ?
Reproduce asexually releasing spores
Is a yeast unicellular or multicellular ?
Unicellular
How does a yeast reproduce ?
By budding - cell grows from mothers body and breaks off
4 classification of fungi
Threadlike
Sac
Club
Imperfect
Example of a classification and what it is
Threadlike - produces spores in their threadlike hyphae
Ex. Bread mold
Example of a classification and what it is
Sac- produce spores in structure that look like sacs
Ex yeast, lichen
Example of a classification and what it is
Club - produce spores in structures that look like clubs
Ex. Mushrooms
Example of a classification and what it is
Imperfect - those that cannot reproduce sexually, cause the most fungal diseases
Ex. Ringworm, penicillin, athletes foot
Examples of fungi
Yeast, molds, mushrooms
What is penicillin ?
Antibiotic
Louie pastear
Who was he and what did he do?
Began studying the fungi yeast and discovered it was a living organism
Fermentation
Anaerobic or aerobic respiration ?
Anaerobic, breaks down sugar without Oxygen
What does fungi feed on ?
Organic matter- one point living (carbon&hydrogen)
Based on how fungi interact with each other, what are the groups ?
Decomposer
Mutualist - small group that absorbs nutrients
Predators - capture prey
Parasites - feed without killing
Asexual reproduction ?
Sexual ?
Asexual - cell division or mitosis
Sexual - each parent contributes (meiosis)
2 ecological roles of fungi
Provide drugs
Break down dead ORGANIC material through ecosystem
2 fungi food sources
Mushrooms Beer Champagne Truffles Morels
2 fungal diseases
Ringworm
Athletes foot
What can fungus cause disease in ?
Plants & animals !
What is a plant disease ?
Stem rots
Why is it hard to find fossils in layers of rock
Microscopic and they don’t have bones !
How long have fossils been around ?
For a long time
Hyphae vs mycellium
Hyphae- individual
Mycellium- group of hyphae
Good environment with no hyphae = ?
Asexual
Good environment = ?
Sexual
Why are some fungi imperfect ?
Because they have lost the capacity for sexual reproduction and reproduce by asexual spores or vegetive growth
What two organisms make up MYCORRHIZAE ? how to each benefit ?
Plants - provide energy rich sugars to fungus
Fungi- allow plants to acquire water and nutrients from soil
What relationship is mycorrhizae ?
Mutualist
Coenocytic vs septate
No segments vs segments
What is chitin classified as, as an organic compound ?
Carbohydrate (polymer)
Lichen
Fungi that has algae inside (not plants)
Attacks a bare rock, creates soil
ONE OF THE FIRST ON EARTH
summary of lichen
Combination of fungus and algae
2 organisms living together
Septum
Cross sections that the cells made up of hyphae are divided by
Fragmentation
Asexual reproduction, where a separate hypha dries and shelters, releasing individual cells that act as spores
