Chapter 3 All

Question 0

Functions of carbohydrates

Answer 0

ENERGY
SUGAR- quick energy
Starch- long term energy

Question 1

What do we mainly use for energy? It’s the most common monosaccharide

Answer 1

Glucose

Question 2

Storage polysaccharide in plants?

In animals ?

Answer 2

Starch

Glycogen

Question 3

Are carbohydrates soluble in water ?

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

Are lipids soluble in water ?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

Functions of lipids

Answer 5

Fats- stores energy (twice as much as carbohydrates)
Plant wax
Cholesterol

Question 6

Functions of proteins

Answer 6

Enzymes 
Hormones 
Structural parts of organisms 
Defense 
Movement

Question 7

Functions of nucleic acids

Answer 7

DNA - stores genetic information

RNA - makes proteins

Question 8

Chemical bond

Answer 8

Force holding 2 atoms together resulting from a chemical reaction

Question 9

Covalent bond

Answer 9

Chemical bond where atoms share electrons

Question 10

Ionic bond

Answer 10

Force of attraction between opposite charged ions

Question 11

Element

Answer 11

Pure substance composed of only one type of atom

Question 12

Atom

Answer 12

Smallest particle of matter

Question 13

Molecule

Answer 13

Group of atoms held together by covalent bonds

Question 14

Exothermic reaction

Answer 14

Released energy 
Breaking bonds (less energy than reactants)

Question 15

Endothermic reaction

Answer 15

Absorbs energy

Form bonds-keep energy (more energy in product than reactants)

Question 16

Reactants

Answer 16

Starting materials, ingredients of a chemical reaction

They are always on the left side

Question 17

Enzymes (catalysts)

Answer 17

They are proteins & catalysts

• speed up reaction
• are reuse able
• lower activation energy

Question 18

What is the reaction progress ?

Answer 18

Shows the reaction from start to end but it is not a time

Question 19

Example of endothermic reactions

Answer 19

Lighting a firework

Question 20

Example of an exothermic reaction

Answer 20

Ice forming

Has less energy at the end than the beginning

Question 21

What label is out on the left side of the reaction graph ?

Answer 21

Total energy

Question 22

Inorganic compound

Answer 22

Compounds that DO NOT contain both carbon and hydrogen atoms

Question 23

Organic compound

Answer 23

Compounds that contain both carbon and hydrogen atoms

Question 24

-ose

Answer 24

It is a sugar or carbohydrate

Question 25

-ase

Answer 25

It’s an enzyme (protein) & are generally names after the substrate affected
Ex. Lipases (break down lipids)

Question 26

Enzymes vs catalyst

Answer 26

Enzyme- compounds that assist chemical reactions by increasing the rate at which they occur
Catalysts- accelerate the rate of a chemical reaction without being destroyed or changed

Question 27

Enzymes are _____ that are found in all ______ organisms

Answer 27

Proteins , living

Question 28

Substrate

Answer 28

Compounds that enzymes act upon

Question 29

What factors affect enzyme activity ? Denature an enzyme

Answer 29

Temperature, pH, concentration of the enzyme , & concentration of the substrate

Question 30

Unsaturated

Answer 30

Good fats

Double bond easier to break

Question 31

Saturated

Answer 31

Bad fats
Hydrogen each of bonds(single)
Can’t break, strong bonds