Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CVNT 2 > Minor surgical conditions > Flashcards

Minor surgical conditions Flashcards

1
Q

abscess definition

A

localised collection of purulent material lined with granulation and fibrous tissue
- pyogenic organisms may cause cell death and inflammation
- normally points and bursts leading to drainage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

complications of abscesses

A
  • toxaemia
  • pyaemia (type of sepsis that leads to widespread abscesses)
  • sinus
  • skin necrosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

signs of an abscess

A
  • pyrexia
  • anorexia
  • vomiting
  • pain
  • swelling
  • discharge (skin abscess)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

treatment of an abscess

A
  1. establish drainage
    - lance and flush with saline or weak disinfectant
    - surgery for internal abscesses
  2. maintain drainage
    - regular flushing to keep abscess open
    - surgical drains
  3. treat with antibiotics
    - once drainage is achieved
    - consider analgesia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cellulitis definition, signs, treatment

A

distribution of pus through tissue (non localised)
- arises from acute inflammation
signs of cellulitis:
- pain, sensitive to touch, pyrexia, generalised swelling
treatment:
- systemic antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, analgesics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

sinus definition

A

infected blind-ending tract leading from a focus of infection (deeper tissues) to body surface
- lined with granulation tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

signs of a sinus

A
  • pyrexia
  • pain
  • sensitive to touch
  • disease specific signs (anal furunculosis)
    examples of sinus
  • foreign body tract (grass seed)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

fistula definition

A

abnormal tract between two epithelial surfaces or connecting an epithelial surface to the skin
- may arise as a result of trauma or congenital (recto-vaginal fistula)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

signs and treatment of fistula

A
  • chronic infection
  • visually abnormal
  • physically abnormal
    treatment: surgical repair
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

comparison between fistula and sinus

A

sinus- bind ending cavity covered in granulation tissue connecting to an epithelial surface
fistula- connection between 2 epithelial surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ulcer definition

A

loss of epithelial surface of a tissue
- shallow lesions caused by trauma and aggravated by poor blood supply or infection
- slow to heal
common areas: skin, GI tract, cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

signs of an ulcer

A
  • pain
  • swelling
  • visual appearance
  • secondary problems (infection)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

treatment of an ulcer

A
  • remove cause
  • keep surface clean
  • dress wound if possible
  • surgical treatment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

causes of an ulcer

A
  • pathogens (calici virus)
  • irritants (chemicals ulcer)
  • poor blood supply
  • pressure (decubital ulcers)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

corneal ulcers

A
  • varies in depth
    caused by: trauma, bacteria, eyelash/lid disorders
    signs:
  • increased lacrimation, discharge
  • ocular pain
  • blepharospasm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

cyst definition

A

abnormal sac filled with fluid or semi-solid matter lined with epithelium

17
Q

sebaceous cyst definition

A

form out of a sebaceous gland on skin

18
Q

hydatid cyst definition

A

larval form of tapeworm forms a fluid-filled sac

19
Q

meibomian cyst definition

A

cyst on the upper or lower eyelid caused by the inflammation of eyelid oil glands

20
Q

haematoma definition

A

blood vessel bursts and blood accumulates in tissue
- can occur anywhere
- need to decide whether its due to trauma, surgery, clotting disorder or vessel disorder
signs: swelling, pain, discolouration of skin

21
Q

rupture definition

A

protrusion of organs or soft tissue through unnatural opening or tear
- result of trauma but may be predisposed by tissue weakness

22
Q

hernia definition

A

abnormal protrusion of organs or soft tissue through natural opening
- usually occurs through abdominal wall

23
Q

hernia or rupture classifications

A

reducible: can be repositioned
irreducible: cannot be repositioned
strangulated: contents become devitalised due to restricted blood vessels

24
Q

umbilical hernia

A
  • common in kittens and puppies
  • usually only falciform fat protrudes
  • can be repaired using midline incision during a bitch spay but left otherwise
25
Q

inguinal hernia

A
  • through inguinal canal (caudal abdominal wall)
    females: swelling by groin extending to vulva
    males: herniate into scrotal sac
  • ultrasound, radiography used to determine severity of hernia
26
Q

perineal hernia

A
  • most common in elderly dogs due to chronic constipation and straining
  • male dogs: enlarged prostate
  • muscle around anal sphincter gradually break down
  • uni or bilateral
27
Q

diaphragmatic rupture

A
  • usually caused by trauma (RTA)
  • can cause dyspnoea if large due to abdominal contents falling forwards into chest
    • breathe easier if sitting up
28
Q

ventral or abdominal rupture

A
  • tear anywhere along abdominal wall other than umbilical or inguinal areas
  • usually arises due to trauma (RTA or blunt trauma (kick))

CVNT 2 (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions