Migration: The New World

Question 1

Who were the two individuals who began the exploration into the new world and what did they do?

Answer 1

• Christopher Columbus: sailed west in hopes of reaching India but found West Indes instead
• John Cabot: given a task by Henry VIII to find new lands, and so he found Canada

Question 2

What is John Cabot’s contribution to the British Empire?

Answer 2

His exploration maked the start of the British empire

Question 3

What was a privateer?

Answer 3

Any sailor with permission from the monarch could attack foreign ships and steal from them, as long as they shared their findings with the monarch

Question 4

What was a pirate?

Answer 4

Those who did not gain permission from the onarch to plunder and keep their treasures for themselves

Question 5

Who was John Hawkins and what did he do?

Answer 5

• respected English Naval commander, merchant, privateer and pirate
• responsible for building up the Elizabethan Royal Navy
• Britain’s first slave trader

Question 6

What is the significance of John Hawkins?

Answer 6

Set in motion Britain’s most economically beneficial scheme for the next few years

Question 7

What are the factors that contributed to the exploration of the New World?

Answer 7

• economic factors
• imperialist factors
• religious factors

Question 8

Give examples of the economic factors that contributed to New World Exploration

Answer 8

• lots of money to be made
• more willing to go to the America’s after first successful colony was established in 1607
• plenty of land to grow ‘cash crops’, which were exported back to Britain to be sold for a profit

Question 9

Give examples of the religious factors that contributed to New World Exploration

Answer 9

Some groups such as Puritans and Catholics wanted to escape religious persecution and conflict, so they left Britain in search of religious freedom

Question 10

Give examples of the imperialist factors that contributed to New World Exploration

Answer 10

• Businessmen set up plantations
• British investors were keen to develop trade in the Americas because it wuld pay towards the growth of the British empire elsewhere
• Export + import within the empire made further profit

Question 11

What was piracy slowly being replaced by?

Answer 11

Plantations

Question 12

Why was indentured servitude required to find labourers for the plantations?

Answer 12

People didn’t want to work there because there were so many problems

Question 13

What were the problems with the plantations?

Answer 13

• hard working conditions
• disease
• hot weather
• crop failures
• food shortages

Question 14

What was indentured servitude slowly being replaced by and why?

Answer 14

Slavery- more profits could be made this way

Question 15

When and how did John Hawkins begin the slave trade?

Answer 15

1562, set sail on his first slave trading voyage, capturing Africans to sell to the Americans