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History GCSE AQA > Life in Elizabethan times > Flashcards

Life in Elizabethan times Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a Golden Age?

A

A time of great achievement. New ideas, a time of peace, plenty of money, developments in medicine, art and science

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2
Q

Why did the Gentry grow?

A
  • Tudor suspicion of ‘old nobility’: saw as a threat + excluded from government and not granted new titles
  • dissolution of English monasteries = more land to buy
  • increasing wealth = growth of trade, exploration and population
  • rising prices helped them to keep their money
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3
Q

What prospered during the Golden Age?

A
  • art
  • architecture
  • science
  • exploration
  • fashion
  • literature
  • theatre
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4
Q

What was the importance of fashion?

A

Used as a status symbol

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5
Q

What was the Statue of Apparels and when was it passed?

A

Strictly controlled the clothes that people were allowed to wear depending on their social rank, passed in 1574

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6
Q

What were the internal designs of architecture that developed during Elizabeth’s reign?

A
  • extensive use of glass made rooms light
  • bedrooms upstairs - never been done before
  • long galleries } entertainment + display art
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7
Q

Name some of the architects of the era

A

Robert Smythson and Bess of Hardwick

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8
Q

What did the architects build?

A

Both: Hardwick Hall
Robert only: Longleat house

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9
Q

What was the result of the printing press?

A

Ideas spread quickly

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10
Q

What was the most popular book of all time?

A

Book of Matryrs, John Foxe

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11
Q

What ideas did the most popular book in Britain promote?

A
  • cemented Mary’s rep as Bloody Mary
  • Foxe was a protestant
  • reflected well on Liz } maintained public opinion and image of her
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12
Q

What was the cult of Gloriana?

A

Visual and literary propoganda around Elizabeth

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13
Q

How did the cult of Gloriana begin?

A

Poet Edmund Spenser wrote a poem abt her called The Faerie Queen. Gloriana, the mc, symbolised power and glory

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14
Q

How did portraits play into the cult of Gloriana?

A

A carefully manufactured image was promoted

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15
Q

What did portraits contain that helped her boost her image?

A

Allegorical symbolism, eg: Pearls, representing her virginity

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16
Q

What were the 5 popular portraits?

A
  • Sieve
  • Armada
  • Rainbow
  • Phoenix
  • Pelican
17
Q

How did portraits help strengthen her rule?

A
  • courtiers sent painters to paint her to impress her - could be kept competitive and controllable
  • General public’s reaction could be unanimous - feeds into cult of personality
18
Q

What did the law for all actors to be licensed cause to happen?

A

Actors organised themselves and London’s first theatre: The theatre, opened

19
Q

Why were the government initially suspicious of actors?

A

Could spread ideas against Elizabeth there

20
Q

Why did the government not completely ban theatres?

A

They didn’t want public outrage as many labourers went there, tickets as cheap as 1 penny

21
Q

How did government perception about the theatre change?

A

They realised they could use it for propoganda

22
Q

How did the government use theatre as propoganda?

A
  • plays contained subtle political messages such as Richard III, which portrayed the Tudors, and by extension the Queen in a good light
  • Play content policed
23
Q

Who was a popular playwright that rose to popularity at this time?

A

William Shakespeare

24
Q

Did Elizabeth visit the theatre?

A

Didn’t go to the theatre, but invited companies home to perform

25
Q

What were the causes of poverty?

A
  • increasing population, but not jobs or food
  • rising prices; value of coinage reduced
  • foreign wars caused taxes to increase
  • also impacted trade - no income trade due to wars
  • period saw many bad harvests and many turned to sheep farming - not enough food
  • closure of monasteries = no more charity
26
Q

What were the local measures introduced to combat poverty in Norfolk?

A
  • almhouses established to house the poor
  • work provided for the poor
27
Q

What were the local measures introduced to combat poverty in London?

A
  • St Bartholemew’s hospital for sick established
  • St Thomas established for the elderly
  • Christ’s Hospital for the orphans
  • Bethlehem’s for the insane
28
Q

What did the Elizabethan government do to aid poverty?

A
  • Carried out full recoinage
  • established fixed rates for fixed workers
  • enforced Acts protecting rural jobs
29
Q

What was the Poor Law?

A
  • Everyone had to pay towards setting up workhouses and payment relief for the ‘deserving poor’
  • Parish had to appoint 4 ‘Overseers of Poor’ who would ensure orphans had apprenticeships and that almhouses were running smoothly
30
Q

What impact did Thomas Harman’s book of beggars have on the public perception of them?

A

Exposed beggars and their scams, public displeased

31
Q

Name an example of a scam seen in Thomas Harmans Book of Beggars

A

‘anglers’ would steal clothes off washing lines @ night

32
Q

What punishment did beggars get?

A

Imprisoned, sent to the ‘House of Corrections’, sent to work at the galley warships

33
Q

Why did English exploration increase?

A
  • Spanish colonies didn’t want to trade with them - need new ways of getting goods
  • improved technology, eg: astrolabe could plot ship’s positiion accurately, compass developed
34
Q

Why was there a rise in privateers?

A

Catholic Spain didn’t allow English to trade without licences, which they didn’t want to give, so English robbed their ships + split the profit with Liz

35
Q

What is signficant about Francis Drake?

A

Circumnavigated the world in 1577

36
Q

What is significant about Walter Raleigh?

A

Played a key role in New World exploration and colonising North America

37
Q

What were the short term consequences of English exploration?

A
  • increased hostility between Spain and England
  • Brought great wealth
  • improved Liz public image
38
Q

What were the long term consequences of English exploration?

A
  • Britain became rich over time
  • political: establishment of colonies
  • military: developed a powerful navy

History GCSE AQA (30 decks)

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