Migration: Knowledge Gaps

Question 1

How did Britain change under Cnut’s rule?

Answer 1

• C viewes Britain as his main domain
• trustworthy nobles (English) left to rule their own areas
• peaceful
• tough with Anglosaxons he thought might rebel against him
• transferred riches back to Denmark

Question 2

What is the significance of Emma of Normandy?

Answer 2

• bought peace to England
• married Aethelred and Cnut
• bought land w her marriage which expanded North Sea empire
• strong leader who respected and listened to her country when C was away
• improved relations with Church

Question 3

How was Cnut significant?

Answer 3

• maintained relations with entire empire
• kept peace for England
• returned popular laws of Edgar the Peaceful

Question 4

When did the Battle of Edington occur?

Answer 4

May 878

Question 5

How did England change under Norman rule?

Answer 5

• new castles built, changed architectural scenery
• french became the language of power
• french customs introduced
• feudal system
• doomsday book maintained
• anglo saxons became second class citizens

Question 6

What was the land that Henry II ruled over?

Answer 6

• normandy
• count of anjou
• count of maine
• aquitaine from marriage
• ireland from invasion
• england

Question 7

What was the only land remaining during John’s reign?

Answer 7

Gascony

Question 8

What was the significance of Henry II?

Answer 8

• created the first British Empire
• effective ruler, organised the Justice system
• managed to visit his entire empire: crossed english channel 30 times
• developed Dublin into a centre of commerce and trade

Question 9

Who was John Hawkins and what did he do?

Answer 9

• respected English Naval commander, merchant, privateer and pirate
• responsible for building up the Elizabethan Royal Navy
• Britain’s first slave trader

Question 10

When and how did John Hawkins begin the slave trade?

Answer 10

1562, set sail on his first slave trading voyage, capturing Africans to sell to the Americans

Question 11

When did people move to Jamestown, Virginia?

Answer 11

1607

Question 12

What was the impact of the British on the indigenous people living in America?

Answer 12

• spreading diseases that they don’t have immunity to
• attacking crops and villages
• destroyed their nomadic way of life
• intermarriages
• wiped out their population

Question 13

What was the economic impact of the slave trade?

Answer 13

• slave trade industry made approx. £60 mill. from 1761 to 1808
• Britain became one of the richest and most powerful countries in the world

Question 14

How much did Britain make in the slave trade?

Answer 14

£60 million

Question 15

When was the slave trade abolished?

Answer 15

1807

Question 16

How much did the government pay as compensation to the slave owners?

Answer 16

£20 million in total

Question 17

What were the medium term causes of the tension between America and Britain?

Answer 17

• Americans were ruled directly from Britain yet they had no representatives in Parliament: unhappy with paying taxes without a say in their governance
• Colonists also made to pay taxes to fund wars with France that the colonists felt had too little to do with them
• Stamp act

Question 18

What happened in the Boston tea party?

Answer 18

• in protest to the taxes on tea
• a group of Americans boarded ships in Boston and dumped 342 crates of tea into the harbour
• British closed the Boston port, banned all town meetings

Question 19

How did Australia prove to be a dutiful and loyal colony?

Answer 19

• provided willing markets for British goods
• good location for Ambitious/ poor Britons to move to

Question 20

How did Britain show it had power after the war?

Answer 20

Continued to colonise West Indes and South America

Question 21

When was St Bartholomew’s Day massacre?

Answer 21

August 1572

Question 22

Who issued the Edict of Nantes?

Answer 22

French king Henri VI

Question 23

Who destroyed the Edict of Nantes?

Answer 23

French King Louis XIV

Question 24

What was the impact of the Ulster plantations on the Irish?

Answer 24

• aimed to ethincally clease
• racism against them
• treated like second class citizens
• diseases such as measles spread

Question 25

Who was Robert Clive and what did he do?

Answer 25

- joined EIC army and proved himself to be ruthless and effective leader - Won the Battle of Plassey whilst he was the Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Bengal 1764-67 - greed and mismanagement led to the Bengal Famine in which 10 million dead - criticised in Parliament for corruption in 1772

Question 26

Who was Warren Hastings and what did he do?

Answer 26

- First Governor General of India - strengthened British control in India, helping establish it as a part of the British Empire - Reorganised its tax systems, tightened corruption laws, dealt with theiving gangs - faced accusations of corruption, mismanagement and poor military judgement

Question 27

When did the EIC's monopoly on India end?

Answer 27

1694

Question 28

What was the aftermath of the Indian rebellion?

Answer 28

- B gov. took over the rule of India from the EIC - new gov. department set up and Viceroy ran it - limited Indians given government jobs - Unis established in Mumbai, Calcutta and Madras

Question 29

How many km of railways did the British build?

Answer 29

30,000 km+

Question 30

How many bridges did the British build?

Answer 30

130,000

Question 31

Where were the three high courts in India?

Answer 31

Madras, Calcutta and Bombay

Question 32

How did Britain’s involvement in the Suez Canal lead to the colonisation of Sudan?

Answer 32

- Egyptians rebelled against B + F interruption - B responded by bombing Alexandria - 1882: F refuses to get involved, B sends soldiers to take control of Egypt. They do - 1884: religious leader leads an uprising and kills General Gordon - 1886-88: Lord Kitchener leads military campaign against r.l - 1899: Sudan under Britain

Question 33

When did the Boer war start and end?

Answer 33

1899-1902

Question 34

When was South Africa formed?

Answer 34

1910

Question 35

How many died in battle during the Boer war?

Answer 35

6000

Question 36

How many died of illness in the Boer war?

Answer 36

16,000

Question 37

What were the consequences of the Boer war?

Answer 37

- ‘empire war’ support short lived - 45,000 Br fought - 1/3 + army volunteers were unfit to fight, so free meals were introduced + medical checks in sch - pensions, sick pay, unemployment benefit introduced - study of nutrition, food and child development was encouraged

Question 38

How many people living in Britain have Irish parents or grandparents?

Answer 38

6 million

Question 39

What were **pogroms**?

Answer 39

Religious attacks against Jews

Question 40

From 1841-1910 how many people moved around the Empire per decade?

Answer 40

150,000

Question 41

Why did the British empire end?

Answer 41

- independence/self rule was popular amongst Britain’s white colonies, implying that the British thought that those of European descent were superior than non Eu - Africans and Indians gought for freedom but their countries were not yet free - due to the British education system, political ideas such as democracy and freedom are spread

Question 42

Who were the important groups and people involved in the Indian independence movement?

Answer 42

Muslim League and Indian National Congress

Question 43

When did the Suez Crisis happen?

Answer 43

1956

Question 44

When did the Independence movement for the African Gold Coast begin and by what group?

Answer 44

1920s, National Congress of British West Africa

Question 45

What groups were involved in the Kenyan demand for independence?

Answer 45

Mau Mau and the Kenyan African Union

Question 46

When did Kenya gain independence?

Answer 46

12th December 1963

Question 47

What was the 1962 immigration act?

Answer 47

Capped the amount of Black and Asian people entering the country

Question 48

Who was the Argentinian president who invaded the Falklands?

Answer 48

General Galtiere

Question 49

What was the British response to the Falklands invasion?

Answer 49

Sent a task force of 600 ships and ~ 12,000 troops