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Midterm Flashcards

0
Q

Carpetbaggers

A

Northerner who moved to the south after the civil war

Carry bag of carpet like material

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1
Q

Reconstruction

A

Period of rebuilding which followed civil war when the defeated confederate states were readmitted to the union
Abraham Lincolns plan
Andrew Johnson took over plan was different

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2
Q

Impeachment

A

The process of accusing a public official of wrongdoing

Andrew Johnson possibly but doesn’t happen bc he wants to punish south

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3
Q

Sharecroppers

A

System where landowners give farm workers land, seed, and tools in return for a part of the crops they raise

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4
Q

Bimetallism

A

The use of both gold and silver as a basis for national monetary system
Instead of paper money

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5
Q

Bonanza farm

A

Enormous farm where a single crop is grown

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6
Q

Soddy

A

Home built of blocks of turf

Dirt

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7
Q

Populism

A

Demanding ppl have a greater voice in gov. & seeking to advance interests of farmers and laborers
Movement for ppl that needed political help (railroad workers, African Americans
William McKinely tried to deny populism

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8
Q

Strikes

A

Work stoppage intended to force an employer to respond to demands

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9
Q

Interstate commerce act

A

Federal government right to supervise railroad activities and created 5-member interstate commission to do so
Regulate railroads because of the high taxing the consumers

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10
Q

Sherman antitrust act

A

Law intended to prevent creation of monopolies by making it illegal to establish trusts that interfered with free trade

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11
Q

Vertical integration vs horizontal

A

V-company’s taking over its suppliers and distributors and transportation systems to gain total control over quality & Cost of its product (buying out suppliers)
H-merging of companies to make similar products

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12
Q

Americanization movement

A

Education program designed to help immigrants assimilate to American culture

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13
Q

Settlement house

A

Community center providing assistance to residents-particularly immigrants-in a slum neighborhood

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14
Q

Graft

A

Illegal use of political influence for personal gain

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15
Q

Patronage

A

Officeholders power to appoint people-usually those who have helped them get elected-to positions in gov.
Giving a friend a job even though they are not well suited for it

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16
Q

Pendleton civil service act

A

Prevented patronage

Had to take tests to be part of a job

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17
Q

Grandfather clause

A

Limit African American voters

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18
Q

Jim Crow laws

A

Laws enacted by southern states and local govs to separate white and black ppl in public and private facilities
Separate races

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19
Q

Plessy vs ferguson

A

Case where Supreme Court ruled that segregation of races in public accommodations was legal, separate but equal

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20
Q

Columbian exchange

A

Transfer beginning with Columbus’s first voyage-of plants,animals,and disease between Western Hemisphere and eastern

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21
Q

Articles of confederation

A

Document that outlined the form of government for the new United States
Constitution

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22
Q

Monroe doctrine

A

Policy to US opposition to any European interference in affairs of the Western Hemisphere

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23
Q

Impressment

A

Forcible seizure of men for military service

Kidnapping Americans

24
Manifest destiny
Belief that US would inevitably expand westward to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican territory
25
Secession
Formal withdrawal of a state from the union
26
Popular sovereignty
System where residents vote to decide on an issue | Ppl choose & make own laws
27
Assimilation
Minority groups adoption of the beliefs and way of life of the dominant culture Forcing native Americans to ex cut hair
28
Social Darwinism
Philosophy that only the fittest will survive | Good food good service =successful
29
Dred Scott
Slave whose owner took him from a slave state ➡️ free state Free territory=free man S. Court ruled against
30
13th amendment
Abolished slavery
31
14th amendment
Prevented states from denying right and privileges to US citizens Citizenship
32
15th amendment
No one can be kept from voting bc of race, color, etc. | Right to vote only men
33
Massacre at wounded knee
Unclear shot was fired US soldiers demand native Americans give up weapons. US soldiers kill 300 mostly unarmed native Americans including children Wake up call for US GOV
34
George Pullman
(Helped cities branch out) Built factory for manufacturing sleepers and other railroad cars on Illinois prairie Created a cult (town) around building railroad cars
35
Andrew Carnegie
Entered steel business by buying a stock Manufactured more than all factories in Britain Make better products more cheaply Very successful
36
Leisure activities
Bicycling tennis baseball amusement parks
37
Skyscrapers
Took up less space Limited and expensive space was used wisely Had a lot of steel
38
Scabs
Strike breakers | Replacement workers
39
Triangle shirtwaist factory
All exit doors had locked except one because of the fear of theft. A fire broke out and many women died Lead to union and labor laws
40
Monopolies
Complete control over an industry's production, wages, and prices by ex buying out all it's competitors Total Control over business
41
Robber barons
When in control of the market he hiked prices far above original levels
42
Trusts
Not legal mergers, ran separate companies ➡️ one large corporation = dividends on profits earned by the trust (large corporation) Used to gain control Join together to create monopoly
43
Row house
A single family dwelling that shared side walls with other similar houses
44
Collective bargaining
Negotiation between representative of labor and management | To reach written agreements on wages, hours, & working conditions
45
Time zones
``` Used for railroad working hours Eastern-Cali Mountain-Colorado,Montana Central-Oklahoma,Kentucky Pacific-ohio,Florida ```
46
Tammy hall
New York city's powerful democratic political machine BOSS TWEED
47
Intolerable acts
Parliaments response to boston massacre and tea party by passing a series of measures like closing boston harbor and quartering act
48
The Alamo
Mission/fort in Texas where Mexicans massacred the rebellious texans San Antonio Texas
49
Union
Workers Join together
50
George Custer
Split up forces bc he thought he was unbeatable
51
Battle of little big horn
Sitting bull,crazy horse, and Custer | Clusters men split up and ended up dead
52
Thomas Paine
Wrote common sense | Wanted independence
53
James Madison
4th president Bicameral legislature-2 house-virginia plan Wrote constitution
54
Thomas Jefferson
3rd president | Declaration of Independence life liberty and pursuit of happiness unalienable rights - never taken away
55
Homestead act
160 acres offering of land free to any citizen or intended citizen who was head of the household Attraction of the west
56
Enforcement acts
Passed to try to stop power of organizations like the KKK Say belief what they want but no violence Stop power of violent groups
57
Railroads
Lead to openings off the west

History (32 decks)

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