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Ch 24 SS2 Flashcards

1
Q

Name three OPEC countries

A

Saudi Arabia, Nigeria, Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, U.A.E., Qatar, etc.

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2
Q

Name two things that the government did to reduce our dependence on foreign oil

A

Lower speed limit, odd-even days, closed schools and businesses

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3
Q

The easing of cold war tensions

A

Détente

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4
Q

Name two reasons that the U.S. government built the strategic petroleum reserve

A

Military emergencies, foreign oil embargos, business emergencies

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5
Q

Since the end of WWII, this has become the most powerful branch of government

A

Executive

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6
Q

Name one of the two reporters who broke the Watergate story

A

Woodward & Bernstein

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7
Q

Nixon fired the attorney general, and assistant attorney general: the special prosecutor was also fired. This was known as …

A

The Saturday night massacre

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8
Q

Gerald Ford was nominated as V.P. by Nixon after this V.P. resigned.

A

Spiro Agnew

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9
Q

This group of people was responsible for “plugging leaks” in the government

A

Plumbers

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10
Q

This former Gov.. of Georgia defeated Gerald Ford for President

A

Jimmy Carter

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11
Q

In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded this country

A

Afghanistan

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12
Q

The Camp David Accords was a peace treaty between these two countries

A

Israel and Egypt

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13
Q

Ayatollah Khomeini took control of this Middle East country

A

Iran

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14
Q

In 1979, the U.S. negotiated to return this property back to its Central American country

A

Panama Canal

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15
Q

Rachel Carson wrote the book “Silent Spring” which helped to get this chemical outlawed

A

DDT

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16
Q

What does E.P.A. stand for?

A

Environmental protection agency

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17
Q

The worlds worst nuclear disaster was known as…

A

Chernobyl

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18
Q

Alexander Butterfield disclosed to Congress that Pres. Nixon had a ….in the Oval Office

A

A telephone recording system

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19
Q

This Nixon program was designed to give power to the states. They would decide on their own how to spend their federal tax dollars?

A

Revenue sharing

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20
Q

This “Holiday” was set up to address concerns about the environment

A

Earth day

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21
Q

How many residents were evacuated in the wake of the accident at Three Mile Island?

A

100,000

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22
Q

This is the situation when you have rising prices and rising unemployment

A

Stagflation

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23
Q

The reporters who broke the Watergate story worked for this newspaper

A

The Washington post

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24
Q

•Most environmental activists were originally part of other activist groups. Name two of them

A
  • Civil Rights activists
  • Women’s Rights groups
  • Anti-war groups
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25
What does OPEC stand for?
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
26
Days before sentencing ____ writes a letter to the presiding judge, ____ in which he confesses lying under oath and suggest White House involvement of the burglary
Jane McCord | John sirica
27
Nixon announced the resignations of --- and ____, two of his closet advisors
HR haldeman | John ehrlichman
28
Plumbers
A group told to find and stop the leaks of the information to the press in Washington dc
29
Nixon releases ___ of his conversations, but they fail to o satisfy investigators because _____
Edited transcripts | It didn't answer the question of what the president knew and when he knew it.
30
When Nixon resigned, did he admit guilt?
No, he merely said that some of his judgements "were wrong"
31
The special prosecutor _____ sues the president to obtain the tapes
Archibald cox
32
What did the tapes reveal about what Nixon knew and when he knew it?
Nixon knew about the role of members in his administration in the burglary and agreed to the plan to obstruct the FBIs investigation ( six day after the watergate break in )
33
Who accidentally erased part of the tapes?
Rose Mary woods, nixons secretary
34
James McCord
Sent a letter to sirica indicating that he lied under oath & suggested White House involvement in the burglary
35
John dean
Dropped the first bomb and declared that Nixon had been deeply involved in the water gate coverup (he told this to congress
36
Alexander butter field
Presidents aide who announced Nixon taped all of his presidential conversations using a telephone recording system
37
Who were the Berlin Wall?
HR haldeman John erlichman (These two were nixons two closest advisors & Nixon announced their resignations)
38
The CRP passed out what to the watergate burglars ? Why ?
450,000 (money) because they wanted to buy their silence
39
Who took notes on nixons near obsession with how to respond to the watergate break in? When the cover up began, what happened to the documents?
HR haldeman | His documents were all shredded
40
Who did Nixon beat in the 1972 election?
George McGovern, by a landslide
41
New federalism | What did he hope to accomplish with this approach?
Nixons plan to distribute more power and responsibility to the state and local gov Decrease in government (the power and size of the federal government, which is a conservative view)
42
Southern strategy | Purpose?
Nixons attempt to attract southern conservative voters by slowing or reversing civil rights policies and naming conservative judges to the Supreme Court. He fought integration of schools by trying to stop forced busing. Purpose- win south support for 1972 election
43
Family assistance plan
Welfare reform proposal that would have guaranteed an income to welfare recipients who agreed to undergo job training and accept work (deduct supervisory role of the gov and make welfare recipients responsible for their own lives- liberal)
44
Impoundment
Nixon ended many great society programs by doing this. He withheld necessary funds for programs, holding up their implementation bc he opposed them.
45
Stagflation | Necessary factors
Economic condition where unemployment and inflation are both high and rising -Occurred bc people weren't getting paid LBJs policy to fund war and social programs with deficit spending New workers (baby boomers) Foreign oil dependence
46
Detente
Flexible policy Kissinger and Nixon agreed on to deal with communist nations to ease Cold War tensions
47
Changing relations with China and su
Nixon visited there to improve their relationship | Realpolitik- deal with communist nations in a flexible manner, foreign policy on power and not him rights/morals
48
Henry Kissinger
Nixons Secretary of State
49
Watergate
June 17,1972 | Five men caught breaking into the DNC headquarters at the watergate office
50
Nixons advisors? Roles?
Hr haldeman- chief of staff, took notes on nixons obsession with how to respond to watergate, documents shredded John erlichman- chief domestic adviser John Mitchell- attorney general John dean- former White House counsel, dropped first bomb to congress that Nixon had been deeply involved in the watergate cover up
51
Tactics used against perceived enemies
Used the FBI & CIA to spy on dissident groups like SDS, Black Panthers, etc. made an enemies list and even listened to phone conversations
52
Timeline of water gate scandal. Major events.
June 17,1972- 5 men caught breaking into watergate complex November 7,1972- Nixon reelect re over george McGovern by a landslide January 1973- trial of watergate burglars began judged by John sirica October 1973- Nixon was taken to court for not releasing the tapes & later had to surrender the tapes in 1974 August 8,1974- Nixon announced his resignation from office and admitted no guilt
53
Resignation? | Who became president?
August 8,1974 Nixon | Gerald ford became president bc Nixon nominated him as VP
54
Lasting effects of the watergate scandal
25 members of the Nixon administration were convicted and sent to prison for crimes connected to watergate Widened the credibility gap (Vietnam and watergate)
55
OPEC | Impact on U.S. economy in 1970s
Organization of petroleum exporting countries Impact- war broke out & the Arab opec nations cut off oil to the U.S. When opec resumed selling, the price quadrupled worsening inflation so prices increased (cut off bc US supported Israel)
56
Carters focus on nations energy crisis
Felt America reliance on imported oil was a large part of the problem. Urged Americans to cut consumption of oil and gas Passed the national energy act which placed a tax on guzzling cars & extended tax credits for the deli omens of alternative energy so dependence on foreign oil eased (but then there was a fuel shortage, opec raised prices, inflation at 14%, and economic downswing)
57
Foreign policy focus
Carter rejected realpolitik and strived for human rights. Looked at a nations moral principles and human rights instead of their power. He also gave the Panama Canal back to Latin American which improved our relationship and made the U.S. Look better
58
Camp David accords What were they Who signed
Carter helped forge peace between long time enemies, Israel and Egypt, in camp David Maryland. Peave agreement signed by Israel and Egypt
59
Factors that led to charters 1980 defeat
Refused to send the shah back to Iran in return for the release of 52 American hostages His firm insistence on human rights led to the break down of our relationship with the SU, SU invaded afghani stand and salt 2 treaty died Economic downswing of inflation tracing 14% and carter not being able to solve the problem
60
Impact of Rachel Carsons silent spring
Warned against the growing use of pesticides and argued that the poisoned the food they were intended to protect, killing birds and fish. Book was an early warning about the danger human activity posed on the environment. DDT- harmful to humans -> outlawed in 1972 Made ppl realize that their everyday behavior and nations industrial growth had a damagin effect on the environment Earth day- made awareness to environmental problems
61
Epa | Purpose?
Environmental protection agency Power to set and enforce pollution standards and protect endangered species (They deal with environmental issues)
62
First earth day was a response to what?
Past damage done to the environment and to make awareness to the impact humans have Spotlight problems of pollution, toxic waste, and the earths dwindling resources
63
Compare and contrast presidencies
Nixon-foreign policy - realpolitik Lawyer, republican, conservative, many challengers Carter- human rights (not power), peanut farmer, democrate, liberal, went against Gerald ford (not many challengers), energy Both focused on economy and environment
64
Three mile island
Happened under carter, nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania malfunctioned Some radiation was released
65
Nuclear energy advantages and disadvantages
``` A- cheap & plentiful Less dependence on foreign oil No pollution and safe? D- toxic waste Plant accidents Radiation Unsafe? ```
66
Nixon and carter, environment
Nixon- clean air act reduced pollution in cars and industries Carter- endangered species act, limited pesticide use and curbed strip mining

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