Ch 7 Flashcards
Angel island
In San Francisco where immigrants arriving on the west coast passed to gain entry to the US
Ellis island
In New York harbor where European immigrants had to pass inspection in order to be admitted to the US on the east coast
Gentlemens agreement
Agreement by gov of japan to limit Japanese emigration to the US in exchange for the repeal of the San Francisco segregation order (separate schools)
Only the educated Japanese could come to America
Americanization movement
Education program designed to help immigrants assimilate to American culture
Jane Addams
First settle ment home
Political machine
Organized group that controls a political party in a city & offers services to voters & businesses in exchange for political and financial support
Controlled the activities of a political party in a city
Graft
Illegal use of political influence for personal gain
Boss tweed
City official of NY Wanted a new courthouse Said construction = 13 million Actual cost = 3 million Picketed 10 million & was caught -> jail SCAMMED TAX PAYERS
Patronage
Officeholders power to appoint people - those who have helped him or her get elected-to positions in government
Pendleton act
Fixed spoils system
Independent civil service commission to make gov. Appointments based on merit system
Stewarts
Republican supporters of NY strongly opposed civil-service reform
Chester A Arthur
Turned reformer as president
Persuaded congress to reform civil service, Pendleton act
Rutherford B Hayes
Strong supporter of civil service reform. Did not succeed in getting congress to help , he cleaned up the nations custom houses
Spoils system
Job not qualified for just because of who they know
Needed reform because it was unfair
Urbanization
Growth of cities
Tenements
City dwellers crowded multifamily of then unsanitary
Settlement houses
Community centers that provided assistance to the urban poor
What did the Americanization movement do?
Assimilated diverse people into the dominant culture
Why did people come to American?
Problems they faced ?
War Land shortages Farming Religious/political persecution Famine Jobs Transportation Problems- different language culture clothing finding a job unsanitary poop and nativism
What jobs did the city have to offer?
Manufacturing. Construction, housing
Similarities and differences between old and new immigrants
Sim- jobs new life discrimination war religious freedom
New-familiar with America
Old - easier to enter not as familiar
Melting pot
Mixture of diverse cultures whose people blended together by abandoning their native language and customs
Nativism
Idea that led to the rise in anti immigrant groups & a demand for immigration restriction
Chinese exclusion act
Immigration restriction passed by congress that did not allow Chinese to come to America
