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FA Review > Microbiology systems > Flashcards

Microbiology systems Flashcards

1
Q

reheated rice diarrhea = ?

A

Bacillus cereus

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2
Q

canned food food poisoning = ?

A

Clostridium botulinum

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3
Q

Reheated meat dish food poisoning = ?

A

Clostridium perfringens

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4
Q

Undercooked meat food poisoning = ?

A

E.Coli 0157:H7

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5
Q

Food poisoning from eggs, meat, and poultry = ?

A

salmonella

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6
Q

Food poisoning from meats, mayonnaise, custard = ?

A

Staph Aureus

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7
Q

Contaminated seafood food poisoning = ?

A

Vibrio vulnificus or parahaemolyticus

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8
Q

Bacteria that causes dysentery + is associated with Guillain-barre syndrome = ?

A

Campylobacter

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9
Q

Protozoan that causes dysentery and liver abscesses = ?

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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10
Q

E.coli O157:H7 (EHEC) produces what toxin that causes dysentery?

A

Shiga-like toxin

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11
Q

Bloody or watery diarrhea: shigella

A

Bloody

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12
Q

Bloody or watery diarrhea: yersina enterocolitica

A

Bloody

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13
Q

Bloody or watery diarrhea: c.diff

A

Watery

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14
Q

Bloody or watery diarrhea: Clostridium perfringens

A

Watery

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15
Q

Bloody or watery diarrhea: campylobacter

A

Bloody

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16
Q

Bloody or watery diarrhea: Vibrio cholera

A

rice water

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17
Q

Bloody or watery diarrhea: viruses like rotavirus or norovirus

A

Watery

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18
Q

Bloody or watery diarrhea: giardia or cryptosporidium

A

Watery

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19
Q

Bloody or watery diarrhea: Enteroinvasive e.coli (EIEC)

A

Bloody

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20
Q

Bloody or watery diarrhea: enterotoxigenic e.coli (ETEC)

A

watery

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21
Q

What are the common causes of pneumonia in children?

A 
RSV
Mycoplasma
C. trachomatis
C. pneumonia
Strep pneumonia

(runts may cough chunky sputum)

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22
Q

What are the two common causes of pneumonia in neonates?

A

GBS

E.coli

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23
Q

What are the common causes of pneumonia in adults?

A

Mycoplasma
C. pneumonia
S. pnuemonia

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24
Q

What is the bacteria that causes pneumonia in alcoholics?

A

Klebsiella

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25
Q

Which type of bacteria is commonly found in aspiration pneumonia?

A

Anaerobic bacteria

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26
Q

What are the three major causes of atypical pneumonia?

A

Mycoplasma
Legionella
Chlamydia

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27
Q

Pneumonia in a CF pt is probably which bacteria?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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28
Q

What are the major causes of pneumonia in immunocompromised pts?

A

Strep pneumoniae
Enteric gram negative rods
Pneumocystis jiroveci

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29
Q

What are the two major causes of nosocomial pneumonia?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Staphylococcus

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30
Q

What are the three common causes of meningitis in neonates?

A

GBS
E.coli
Listeria

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31
Q

What is the #1 cause of meningitis in teenagers?

A

neisseria meningitidis

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32
Q

What is bacterial cause of meningitis is commonly found in all age group, besides neonates?

A

Strep pneumoniae

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33
Q

What is the treatment for meningitis?

A

ceftriaxone + vanco

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34
Q

What abx should be added to the treatment for acute meningitis if listeria is suspected?

A

Ampicillin

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35
Q

true or false: HSV1 causes meningitis

A

false, causes encephalitis

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36
Q

What was the most common cause of pediatric meningitis 15 years ago?

A

HIB

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37
Q

Increased opening pressure of spinal tap + PMNs + increase protein + decreased sugar = what cause of meningitis (bacterial, viral, or fungal)?

A

bacterial

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38
Q

Increased opening pressure + increased lymphocytes + increased protein + decreased sugar = what cause of meningitis (bacterial, viral, or fungal)?

A

Fungal/TB

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39
Q

Normal opening pressure + increased lymphocytes + normal protein levels + normal sugar levels = what cause of meningitis?

A

viral

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40
Q

Osteomyelitis is most commonly caused by which bacteria?

A

Staph aureus

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41
Q

Which sexually transmitted bacteria can cause osteomyelitis?

A

N. Gonorrhoeae

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42
Q

Osteomyelitis in DM and IV drug users is commonly caused by which bacteria?

A

Pseudomonas or serratia

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43
Q

Sickle cell pt with osteomyelitis = ?

A

Salmonella

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44
Q

Osteomyelitis caused by a prosthetic joint replacement = ?

A

S. Aureus and S. epidermidis

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45
Q

Osteomyelitis caused by a dog or cat bite = which bacterial cause?

A

Pasteurella multocida

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46
Q

Nitrate urine test is positive for UTIs caused by what type of bacteria (gram + or -)?

A

gram negative

47
Q

Leukocyte esterase test + in a urine test = UTI caused by what type of organism (viral, bacterial, or fungal)?

A

Baterial

48
Q

+ urease test on urine test = which bacteria?

A

Proteus or klebsiella

49
Q
  • urease test on urine test = which bacteria?
A

E.coli, enterobacter

50
Q

What are the three leading causes of UTIs in women?

A

E.coli
Staph Saprophyticus
Klebsiella pneumoniae

51
Q

Swarming on agar = which bacteria?

A

Proteus

52
Q

Blue-green pigment producing bacteria = ?

A

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

53
Q

Red pigmented bacteria = ?

A

Serratia

54
Q

thin white vaginal discharge + fishy odor without inflammation = ?

A

BV

55
Q

Frothy, grey-green, and foul smelling discharge with inflammation = ?

A

trichomoniasis

56
Q

Clue cells = ?

A

BV

57
Q

What is the treatment for BV?

A

Metronidazole

58
Q

What is the treatment for trichomoniasis?

A

Metronidazole

59
Q

What is the treatment for candida vulvovaginitis?

A

azoles

60
Q

Thick, white “cottage cheese” vaginal discharge + inflammation = ?

A

candida Vulvovaginitis

61
Q

What are the TORCHeS infections?

A 
Toxoplasmosis
Other
Rubella
CMV
HIV
Herpes
Syphilis
62
Q

Chorioretinitis +hydrocephalus + intracranial calcifications in a neonate =?

A

Toxoplasmosis

63
Q

PDA + cataracts + deafness + blueberry muffin baby = ?

A

Rubella

64
Q

Hearing loss + Szs + petechial rash + blueberry muffin rash in a neonate =?

A

CMV

65
Q

Encephalitis + herpetic lesions in a neonate = ?

A

HSV-2

66
Q

Hydrops fetalis or notched teeth, saddle nose, saber shins = ?

A

Congenital syphilis

67
Q

What is the cause of hand-foot and mouth disease?

A

coxsackievirus type A

68
Q

vasicular rash on palsm and soles, with vesciles and ulcers in the mouth = ?

A

hand foot and mouth disease (caused by coxsackievirus type A)

69
Q

what is the cause of roseola?

A

HHV-6

70
Q

What are the symptoms of roseola?

A

macular rash over the body after a fever/

71
Q

What is the virus that causes fifth disease (slapped cheek syndrome)?

A

parvovirus B19

72
Q

What is virus that causes measles?

A

Rubeola

73
Q

rash that begins at the head and moves down = ?

A

Rubella (german measles)

74
Q

What are the three C’s of measles?

A

Cough
Coryza
Conjunctivitis

75
Q

erythematous, sandpaper like rash with fever and sore throat = ?

A

Scarlet fever (caused by strep pyogenes)

76
Q

vesicular rash that begins on the trunk and spreads outward with lesions at different stages = ?

A

VZV (chicken pox)

77
Q

rash the begins distally, spreads proximally, and evolves all at the same time = ?

A

Smallpox

78
Q

What is the virus that causes smallpox?

A

Variola

79
Q

What causes chancroid?

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

80
Q

What causes condylomata acuminata?

A

HSV-6 and 11

81
Q

What causes genital herpes (which serotypes of the herpes virus?

A

HSV2

82
Q

Painless chancre = ?

A

Primary Syphilis (treponema pallidum)

83
Q

Fever + lymphadenopathy + skin rashes + condylomata = which STI?

A

Secondary syphilis

84
Q

Gummas + Argyll Robertson pupil = ?

A

tertiary syphilis

85
Q

Vaginitis + strawberry cervix + motile in wet prep = ?

A

trichomoniasis

86
Q

What are the two most common causes of PID in order?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

87
Q

What is Hugh-Curtis syndrome?

A

Infection of the liver capsule and violin string adhesions of the peritoneum to the liver

88
Q

What is the major nosocomial risk factor for an infection with candida albicans?

A

Hyperalimentation

89
Q

What is the major nosocomial risk factor for an infection with CMV or RSV?

A

Hospitalization in newborn nursery

90
Q

What are the two most common nosocomial causes of UTIs caused by catheterization?

A

E.coli

S. Aureus

91
Q

Nosocomial infection associated with source of water?

A

Legionella

92
Q

Nosocomial infection associated with respiratory equipment = ?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

93
Q

Rash in a child that begins at the head and moving down with post auricular adenopathy = ?

A

Rubella

94
Q

Rash that begins at the head, moves downward, and is preceded by Cough, Coryza, conjunctivitis, and koplik spots = ?

A

Measles

95
Q

Cherry red epiglottis + dysphagia + dyspnea secondary to epiglottitis = ?

A

HIB

96
Q

Thumbprint sign on neck x-ray = ?

A

Epiglottitis secondary to HIB

97
Q

Grayish oropharyngeal exudate = ?

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

98
Q

Asplenic pts are susceptible to which bugs? (3)

A

S. pneumoniae
HIB
N. Meningitidis

99
Q

Branching rods in oral infection. sulfur granules = ?

A

Actinomyces israelii

100
Q

What is the cause of chronic granulomatous disease?

A

Inability of body to form superoxide

101
Q

Currant jelly sputum = ?

A

Klebsiella

102
Q

dog or cat bite bacteria = ?

A

pasteurella multocida

103
Q

Facial nerve palsy bacteria, also cause of lyme disease = ?

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

104
Q

Fungal infection in DM or immunocompromised pts = ?

A

Mucor or Rhizopus

105
Q

Which strain of hepatitis is most commonly associated with health care providers?

A

B

106
Q

Neutropenic pts are predisposed to developing which fungal infection by which yeast/fungus?

A

Candida albicans

107
Q

What is the virus that often presents issues in transplant pts?

A

CMV (HHV5)

108
Q

PAS+ bacteria = ?

A

Tropheryma awhipplei

109
Q

Pneumonia in CF pts = ?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

110
Q

Hand foot and mouth disease = ?

A

Coxsackie A

111
Q

Sepsis/meningitis in neonates = ?

A

GBS

112
Q

Surgical wound infection is likely caused by which bacterium?

A

S. Aureus

113
Q

Gas gangrene = ?

A

Clostridium perfringens

FA Review (22 decks)

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