Microbiology systems Flashcards
1
Q
reheated rice diarrhea = ?
A
Bacillus cereus
2
Q
canned food food poisoning = ?
A
Clostridium botulinum
3
Q
Reheated meat dish food poisoning = ?
A
Clostridium perfringens
4
Q
Undercooked meat food poisoning = ?
A
E.Coli 0157:H7
5
Q
Food poisoning from eggs, meat, and poultry = ?
A
salmonella
6
Q
Food poisoning from meats, mayonnaise, custard = ?
A
Staph Aureus
7
Q
Contaminated seafood food poisoning = ?
A
Vibrio vulnificus or parahaemolyticus
8
Q
Bacteria that causes dysentery + is associated with Guillain-barre syndrome = ?
A
Campylobacter
9
Q
Protozoan that causes dysentery and liver abscesses = ?
A
Entamoeba histolytica
10
Q
E.coli O157:H7 (EHEC) produces what toxin that causes dysentery?
A
Shiga-like toxin
11
Q
Bloody or watery diarrhea: shigella
A
Bloody
12
Q
Bloody or watery diarrhea: yersina enterocolitica
A
Bloody
13
Q
Bloody or watery diarrhea: c.diff
A
Watery
14
Q
Bloody or watery diarrhea: Clostridium perfringens
A
Watery
15
Q
Bloody or watery diarrhea: campylobacter
A
Bloody
16
Q
Bloody or watery diarrhea: Vibrio cholera
A
rice water
17
Q
Bloody or watery diarrhea: viruses like rotavirus or norovirus
A
Watery
18
Q
Bloody or watery diarrhea: giardia or cryptosporidium
A
Watery
19
Q
Bloody or watery diarrhea: Enteroinvasive e.coli (EIEC)
A
Bloody
20
Q
Bloody or watery diarrhea: enterotoxigenic e.coli (ETEC)
A
watery
21
Q
What are the common causes of pneumonia in children?
A
RSV Mycoplasma C. trachomatis C. pneumonia Strep pneumonia
(runts may cough chunky sputum)
22
Q
What are the two common causes of pneumonia in neonates?
A
GBS
E.coli
23
Q
What are the common causes of pneumonia in adults?
A
Mycoplasma
C. pneumonia
S. pnuemonia
24
Q
What is the bacteria that causes pneumonia in alcoholics?
A
Klebsiella
25
Which type of bacteria is commonly found in aspiration pneumonia?
Anaerobic bacteria
26
What are the three major causes of atypical pneumonia?
Mycoplasma
Legionella
Chlamydia
27
Pneumonia in a CF pt is probably which bacteria?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
28
What are the major causes of pneumonia in immunocompromised pts?
Strep pneumoniae
Enteric gram negative rods
Pneumocystis jiroveci
29
What are the two major causes of nosocomial pneumonia?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
| Staphylococcus
30
What are the three common causes of meningitis in neonates?
GBS
E.coli
Listeria
31
What is the #1 cause of meningitis in teenagers?
neisseria meningitidis
32
What is bacterial cause of meningitis is commonly found in all age group, besides neonates?
Strep pneumoniae
33
What is the treatment for meningitis?
ceftriaxone + vanco
34
What abx should be added to the treatment for acute meningitis if listeria is suspected?
Ampicillin
35
true or false: HSV1 causes meningitis
false, causes encephalitis
36
What was the most common cause of pediatric meningitis 15 years ago?
HIB
37
Increased opening pressure of spinal tap + PMNs + increase protein + decreased sugar = what cause of meningitis (bacterial, viral, or fungal)?
bacterial
38
Increased opening pressure + increased lymphocytes + increased protein + decreased sugar = what cause of meningitis (bacterial, viral, or fungal)?
Fungal/TB
39
Normal opening pressure + increased lymphocytes + normal protein levels + normal sugar levels = what cause of meningitis?
viral
40
Osteomyelitis is most commonly caused by which bacteria?
Staph aureus
41
Which sexually transmitted bacteria can cause osteomyelitis?
N. Gonorrhoeae
42
Osteomyelitis in DM and IV drug users is commonly caused by which bacteria?
Pseudomonas or serratia
43
Sickle cell pt with osteomyelitis = ?
Salmonella
44
Osteomyelitis caused by a prosthetic joint replacement = ?
S. Aureus and S. epidermidis
45
Osteomyelitis caused by a dog or cat bite = which bacterial cause?
Pasteurella multocida
46
Nitrate urine test is positive for UTIs caused by what type of bacteria (gram + or -)?
gram negative
47
Leukocyte esterase test + in a urine test = UTI caused by what type of organism (viral, bacterial, or fungal)?
Baterial
48
+ urease test on urine test = which bacteria?
Proteus or klebsiella
49
- urease test on urine test = which bacteria?
E.coli, enterobacter
50
What are the three leading causes of UTIs in women?
E.coli
Staph Saprophyticus
Klebsiella pneumoniae
51
Swarming on agar = which bacteria?
Proteus
52
Blue-green pigment producing bacteria = ?
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
53
Red pigmented bacteria = ?
Serratia
54
thin white vaginal discharge + fishy odor without inflammation = ?
BV
55
Frothy, grey-green, and foul smelling discharge with inflammation = ?
trichomoniasis
56
Clue cells = ?
BV
57
What is the treatment for BV?
Metronidazole
58
What is the treatment for trichomoniasis?
Metronidazole
59
What is the treatment for candida vulvovaginitis?
azoles
60
Thick, white "cottage cheese" vaginal discharge + inflammation = ?
candida Vulvovaginitis
61
What are the TORCHeS infections?
```
Toxoplasmosis
Other
Rubella
CMV
HIV
Herpes
Syphilis
```
62
Chorioretinitis +hydrocephalus + intracranial calcifications in a neonate =?
Toxoplasmosis
63
PDA + cataracts + deafness + blueberry muffin baby = ?
Rubella
64
Hearing loss + Szs + petechial rash + blueberry muffin rash in a neonate =?
CMV
65
Encephalitis + herpetic lesions in a neonate = ?
HSV-2
66
Hydrops fetalis or notched teeth, saddle nose, saber shins = ?
Congenital syphilis
67
What is the cause of hand-foot and mouth disease?
coxsackievirus type A
68
vasicular rash on palsm and soles, with vesciles and ulcers in the mouth = ?
hand foot and mouth disease (caused by coxsackievirus type A)
69
what is the cause of roseola?
HHV-6
70
What are the symptoms of roseola?
macular rash over the body after a fever/
71
What is the virus that causes fifth disease (slapped cheek syndrome)?
parvovirus B19
72
What is virus that causes measles?
Rubeola
73
rash that begins at the head and moves down = ?
Rubella (german measles)
74
What are the three C's of measles?
Cough
Coryza
Conjunctivitis
75
erythematous, sandpaper like rash with fever and sore throat = ?
Scarlet fever (caused by strep pyogenes)
76
vesicular rash that begins on the trunk and spreads outward with lesions at different stages = ?
VZV (chicken pox)
77
rash the begins distally, spreads proximally, and evolves all at the same time = ?
Smallpox
78
What is the virus that causes smallpox?
Variola
79
What causes chancroid?
Haemophilus ducreyi
80
What causes condylomata acuminata?
HSV-6 and 11
81
What causes genital herpes (which serotypes of the herpes virus?
HSV2
82
Painless chancre = ?
Primary Syphilis (treponema pallidum)
83
Fever + lymphadenopathy + skin rashes + condylomata = which STI?
Secondary syphilis
84
Gummas + Argyll Robertson pupil = ?
tertiary syphilis
85
Vaginitis + strawberry cervix + motile in wet prep = ?
trichomoniasis
86
What are the two most common causes of PID in order?
Chlamydia trachomatis
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae
87
What is Hugh-Curtis syndrome?
Infection of the liver capsule and violin string adhesions of the peritoneum to the liver
88
What is the major nosocomial risk factor for an infection with candida albicans?
Hyperalimentation
89
What is the major nosocomial risk factor for an infection with CMV or RSV?
Hospitalization in newborn nursery
90
What are the two most common nosocomial causes of UTIs caused by catheterization?
E.coli
| S. Aureus
91
Nosocomial infection associated with source of water?
Legionella
92
Nosocomial infection associated with respiratory equipment = ?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
93
Rash in a child that begins at the head and moving down with post auricular adenopathy = ?
Rubella
94
Rash that begins at the head, moves downward, and is preceded by Cough, Coryza, conjunctivitis, and koplik spots = ?
Measles
95
Cherry red epiglottis + dysphagia + dyspnea secondary to epiglottitis = ?
HIB
96
Thumbprint sign on neck x-ray = ?
Epiglottitis secondary to HIB
97
Grayish oropharyngeal exudate = ?
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
98
Asplenic pts are susceptible to which bugs? (3)
S. pneumoniae
HIB
N. Meningitidis
99
Branching rods in oral infection. sulfur granules = ?
Actinomyces israelii
100
What is the cause of chronic granulomatous disease?
Inability of body to form superoxide
101
Currant jelly sputum = ?
Klebsiella
102
dog or cat bite bacteria = ?
pasteurella multocida
103
Facial nerve palsy bacteria, also cause of lyme disease = ?
Borrelia burgdorferi
104
Fungal infection in DM or immunocompromised pts = ?
Mucor or Rhizopus
105
Which strain of hepatitis is most commonly associated with health care providers?
B
106
Neutropenic pts are predisposed to developing which fungal infection by which yeast/fungus?
Candida albicans
107
What is the virus that often presents issues in transplant pts?
CMV (HHV5)
108
PAS+ bacteria = ?
Tropheryma awhipplei
109
Pneumonia in CF pts = ?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
110
Hand foot and mouth disease = ?
Coxsackie A
111
Sepsis/meningitis in neonates = ?
GBS
112
Surgical wound infection is likely caused by which bacterium?
S. Aureus
113
Gas gangrene = ?
Clostridium perfringens
