Behavioral Sciences

Question 1

What is the odds ratio?

Answer 1

Odds that the group with a disease was exposed to a risk factor, divided by the odds that the group without the disease was exposed a/c / b/d

Question 2

What is the equation for relative risk?

Answer 2

risk of developing disease in the exposed group divided by the risk in the unexposed group.

Question 3

systemic errors cause a reduction in accuracy, or in precision?

Answer 3

Accuracy

Question 4

What is the nonrandom assignment to participate in a study group?

Answer 4

Selection bias

Question 5

What is the Berkson bias?

Answer 5

A study looking at only inpatients

Question 6

What is the “loss to f/u” bias?

Answer 6

Studying a disease with early mortality

Question 7

What is the recall bias?

Answer 7

Awareness of disorder altes recall of a subject

Question 8

What is the measurement bias?

Answer 8

Where information is gathered in a way that distorts it

Question 9

What is the procedure bias?

Answer 9

Where subjects in the same group are not treated equally

Question 10

What is the observer-expectancy bias?

Answer 10

Researcher’s belief in the efficacy of a treatment changes the outcome

Question 11

What is the confounding bias?

Answer 11

When a factor is related to both the exposure and outcome, but not on the causal pathway

Question 12

What is the lead time bias?

Answer 12

Early detection is confused with increase survival rates

Question 13

One std deviation in a bell curve represents what percent?

Answer 13

68%

Question 14

What is a positive skew of the bell curve?

Answer 14

Asymmetry with long tail on the right

Question 15

What is a type I (alpha) error?

Answer 15

Seeing a relationship that does not exist

Question 16

What is a type II (beta) error?

Answer 16

Not recognizing a relationship when one does exist

Question 17

What is the t test used for?

Answer 17

checks difference between means of two groups

Question 18

What is an ANOVA test used for?

Answer 18

Checks difference between means of 3 or more groups

Question 19

What is a chi-squared analysis used for?

Answer 19

Checks difference between 2 or more percentages of populations of categorical outcomes

Question 20

What is primary disease prevention?

Answer 20

Preventing (immunization)

Question 21

What is secondary disease prevention?

Answer 21

Screening

Question 22

What is tertiary disease prevention?

Answer 22

Preventing comorbidities

Question 23

What are the four principles of medical ethics?

Answer 23

Autonomy
Beneficence
Non-Maleficence
Justice

Question 24

What are the three general areas that minors do not need consent to treat for?

Answer 24

Contraception, STDs
Drug addiction
Trauma

(sex, drugs, rock and roll)

Question 25

True or false: for a pt to have medical decision making capacity, they must be >18 yo.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

What are the components of the APGAR scoring?

Answer 26

``` Appearance Pulse Grimace Activity Respiration ```

Question 27

What is the cutoff for low birth weight?

Question 28

When can a child smile in response to social factors?

Answer 28

2 mo

Question 29

When does a child begin to develop stranger anxiety?

Answer 29

6 mo

Question 30

When does a child develop separation anxiety?

Answer 30

9 mo

Question 31

When does a child develop object permanence?

Answer 31

9 mo

Question 32

When does a child being to point to objects?

Answer 32

12 mo

Question 33

When does the babinski reflex become up going?

Answer 33

12 mo

Question 34

When can a child climb up stairs?

Answer 34

18 months

Question 35

When can a child feed him/herself with fork and spoon?

Answer 35

2 years

Question 36

When can a child kick a ball?

Answer 36

2 years

Question 37

When does a child begin to demonstrate rapprochement?

Answer 37

2 years

Question 38

How many words are in a 2 year old's vocabulary?

Answer 38

200 ish

Question 39

When can a child hop on one foot?

Answer 39

4 yo

Question 40

When can a child spend a day away from their parents comfortably?`

Answer 40

3 years

Question 41

When does a child begin to develop friendships?

Answer 41

4 yo

Question 42

How many words are in a 3 year old's vocabulary?

Answer 42

1000 (10^3)

Question 43

When can a child tell detailed stories?

Answer 43

4 years