Microbiology Flashcards
what is keratitis?
inflammation of the cornea
what is antibiotic resistance?
drug killing defenseless bacteria and selecting those that can resist it
what is an epidemic?
outbreak of an illness or disease in which the number of individual cases significantly exceeds the expected.
what is a pandemic?
occurs in more than one country e.g AIDS/HIV
what is a commensal?
protect against infection by competing with potential pathogens for nutrients or preventing pathogens from colonizing epithelial cells.
what is virulence?
degree of pathogenicity
what are virulence factors?
factors that trigger pathology.
what do bacterial toxins do?
inhibit protein synthesis and damage cell membranes
what are antimicrobial agents?
kill or inhibit bacterial growth by interfering with:
- Cell wall synthesis
- DNA synthesis
- Protein synthesis
- Folic acid metabolism
what are the 3 types of viruses?
DNA viruses
RNA viruses
Retroviruses
what is the main difference between Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria?
gram positive-thick peptidoglycan layer
gram negative-reduced peptidoglycan layer
what is the viral genome composed of?
DNA or RNA can be single stranded or double stranded
what is a narrow spectrum antibiotic?
act on a few specific bacteria.
what is broad spectrum antibiotic?
target on a range of bacteria
