Medulla

Question 1

what is the function of medulla?

Answer 1

secretes hormones that help cope with emotional or physical stress.

Question 2

what are alpha cells?

Answer 2

• secrete glucagon

- liver breaks down glycogen to glucose

Question 3

what are beta cells?

Answer 3

• secrete insulin

- increases glucose uptake

Question 4

how does insulin stimulate the liver?

Answer 4

convert excess glycogen to fatty acids.

Question 5

what does the pineal gland,/ do?

Answer 5

secretes melatonin

regulates circadian rythm (sleep wake cycle)

Question 6

what is hydrocephalus?

Answer 6

water build up which blocks CSF flow.

Question 7

what regulates up gaze movements?

Answer 7

superior colliculus that can be disturbed by the enlargement of the pineal gland.

Question 8

what happens in the pituitary tumour of prolactinomas?

Answer 8

pregnant women secrete prolactin
women act like men
men act like women

Question 9

what are the main symptoms of growth hormone secreting tumours?

Answer 9

• children get gigantism

- adults get acromegaly

Question 10

what happens as the pituitary gland pushes and puts pressure on the optic chiasm?

Answer 10

• lose vision in the nasal retina

- puts pressure on axons coming from nasal retina lose peripheral field of view.

Question 11

what ocular problem can keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye) be caused by?

Answer 11

exophthalmos.