Microbial Metabolism

Question 1

What is metabolism?

Answer 1

The breakdown or biosynthesises metabolites

Question 2

What are metabolites?

Answer 2

Products of metabolism

Question 3

Do different microbes have different requirements?

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

Are microunites required in large amounts?

Answer 4

Yes

Question 5

Are microunits small amounts?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

What are macrounits?

Answer 6

A handful of chemical elements
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and selenium

Question 7

How much of a cell is dry weight?

Answer 7

50%

Question 8

What are macromolecules made up of?

Answer 8

Macronutrients

Question 9

How much of wet weight are macromolecules made up of?

Answer 9

75%

Question 10

The remainding 25% of weight for macromolecules is made up of what?

Answer 10

Proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and polysaccharides

Question 11

What are the building blocks of macromolecules?

Answer 11

Amino acids, nucleotides, fatty acids and sugars

Question 12

How mcuh % is carbon in a cells dry weight?

Answer 12

50%

Question 13

Where is carbon obtained?

Answer 13

The breakdown of polymeric substances or direct up take of building blocks

Question 14

What are autotrophs?

Answer 14

Can make their own food
Can synthesize organic compunds directly from carbon dioxide

Question 15

What is nitrogen available as?

Answer 15

Ammonia (NH3)
Nitrogen gas (N2)

Question 16

Can all microorganisms use ammonia?

Answer 16

Yes

Question 17

What bacteria can use nitrigen gas directly?

Answer 17

Nitrogen fixing bacteria

Question 18

What proucts are from H2O?

Answer 18

Hydrogen and Oxygen

Question 19

Does active transport require energy?

Answer 19

Yes

Question 20

Do solutes move with or againts the concentration gradient?

Answer 20

Against the concentration gradient?

Question 21

Why do soluted move against the concentration geadient?

Answer 21

Simple transport
Group translocation
ABC transport systems

Question 22

What does transmembrane proteins do?

Answer 22

Allow nutrients to enter through the central pore

Question 23

Do microbes have a diverse range of possible enery options?

Answer 23

Yes

Question 24

What is an energy yielding reactions?

Answer 24

Catabolism

Question 25

What are chemotrophs?

Answer 25

Organisms that obtain energy through inorganic or organic chemicals

Question 26

What are organic chemicals?

Answer 26

Chemoorganotrophs
Glucose by E.coli converted into energy rich bonds of ATP

Question 27

What are inorganic chemicals?

Answer 27

Chemolothotrophs
Sulphur metaboliding bacteria, the iron metabolising bacteria and the nitrifying bacteria

Question 28

What are phototrophs?

Answer 28

Contain chlorophylls and other pigments
Convert light energy to ATP

Question 29

Do phototrophs require chemicals as a curce of energy?

Answer 29

No

Question 30

What are heterotrophs?

Answer 30

Cell carbon obtained from an organic compound

Question 31

What are autotrophs?

Answer 31

Used in carbon dioxide
Most are chemolithotrophs and phototrophs

Question 32

What are autotrophs also known as?

Answer 32

Primary producers

Question 33

What do autotrophs synthesise?

Answer 33

Organic material from inorganic carbon

Question 34

What is the calvin cycle?

Answer 34

The major biochemical pathway to incorporate CO2 into cell material
Which can be accessed by heterotrophs