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METALLIC FIXATIVES Flashcards

1
Q

Types of metallic fixatives

A

A. Mercuric chloride
B. Chromate fixatives
C. Lead fixatives

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2
Q

Most common metallic fixative

A

Mercuri chloride

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3
Q

Widely used as secondary fixative

A

Mercuric chloride

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4
Q

What color precipitate may mercuric chloride produce

A

Black

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5
Q

What type of metallic fixative is for tissue photography and preserve very fine details of tissue and provide high quality image

A

Mercuric chloride

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6
Q

Out of all the mercuric chloride fixative which one does not produce a black precipitate

A

Heidenhein’s SuSa

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7
Q

Mercuric chloride is satisfactory for:

A
  • trichome staining
  • immunoperoxidase techniques
  • fixative of choice for preserving cell details in tissue photography
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8
Q

Zenker’s Fluid is composed of:

A

Mercuric chloride solution and Glacial acetic acid

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9
Q

For small pieces of liver, spleen, connective tissue fibers, and nuclei

A

Zenker’s Fluid

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10
Q

Fixation time for Zenker’s fluid

A

12 - 24 hours

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11
Q

Other name for zenker-formol

A

Helly’s solution

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12
Q

For fixing pituitary gland, bone marrow, and blood containing organs

A

Zenker-Formol or helly’s solution

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13
Q

For fixing cytoplasmic granules

A

Zenker-Formol

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14
Q

Fixation time for zenker-formol

A

12-24 hours

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15
Q

Excellent cytologic fixative

A

Heidenhein’s SuSa

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16
Q

For tumor biopsies of the skin

A

Heidenhein’s SuSa

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17
Q

Fixation time for SuSa

A

3-12 hours

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18
Q

Used for bone marrow biopsies

A

B-5 fixative

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19
Q

Fixation time of B-5 fixatives

A

1, 1/2-2 hours (fastest fixation time)

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20
Q

Concentration of Chromic acid

A

1-2%

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21
Q

Constituent of compound fixatives

A

Chromic acid

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22
Q

Precipitates all proteins and adequately preserves carbohydrate

A

Chromic acid

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23
Q

Percentage of the concentration of Potassium Dichromate

A

3%

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24
Q

It ia a chromative fixativ that preserves lipids

A

Potassium Dichromate

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25
Q

It is a type of chromate fixative that preserves mitochondria

A

Potassium Dichromate

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26
Q

PH of mitochondria in Potassium dichromate

A

4.5-5.2

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27
Q

Other name for Regaud’s Fluid

A

Muller’s Fluid

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28
Q

Recommended for the demonstration of chromatin, mitochondria, mitotic figures, golgi bodies, RBC, and colloid containing tissues

A

Regaud’s Fluid

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29
Q

Fixation time for Regaud’s fluid

A

12-48 hours

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30
Q

What type of chromate fixative is recommended for early degenerative processes and tissue necrosis

A

Orth’s Fluid

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31
Q

Chromate Fixative for the demostration of Rickettsiae and bacteria

A

Orth’s Fluid

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32
Q

Fixation time for Orth’s Fluid

A

36-72 hours (longer fixation time)

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33
Q

Used in 4% aqueous solution of basic lead acetate

A

Lead Fixatives

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34
Q

recommended for acid mucoploysaccharide and connective tissue mucin

A

Lead Fixatives

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35
Q

considered as both a fixative and a stain

A

Picric acid

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36
Q

normally used in strong saturated aqueous solution (1%)

A

Picric acid fixatives

37
Q

dyes tissue yellow

A

Picric acid fixative

38
Q

What is used to remove yellow dye from the picric acid

A

Acid dye or lithium carbonate

39
Q

used an explosive agent by the military

A

Picric acid fixative

40
Q

excellent fixative for glycogen demonstration

A

Picric acid fixatives

41
Q

coagulant fixative and strong soagulant of nucleoproteins

A

Picric acid fixatives

42
Q

picric acid fixative recommended for embryos and pituitary biopsies

A

Bouin’s solution

43
Q

fixation time for Bouin’s solution

A

6-24 hours

44
Q

Modification of Bouin’s solution

A

Brasil’s alcoholic picroformol fixative

45
Q

better and less messy than Bouin’s solution

A

Brasil’s alcoholic picroformol fixative

46
Q

excellent fixative for glycogen

A

Brasil’s alcoholic picroformol fixative

47
Q

Used in conjunction with other fixatives to form compound solution

A

Glacial HAc

48
Q

Solidifies at17C

A

Glacial acetic acid

49
Q

fixes and precipitates nucleoproteins

A

Glacial acetic acid

50
Q

Causes tissues to swell; precipitates chromosomes and chromosome material

A

Glacial acetic acid

51
Q

Rapidly denatures and precipitates proteins

A

Alcohol fixatives

52
Q

Fix and preserve glycogen, pigments, blood, tissue films and smear

A

Absolute alcohol

53
Q

ideal foro small tissue fragments and a fixative and a dehydrating agent at the same time

A

Alcohol fixatives

54
Q

Excellent for glycogen preservation and preserves nuclear stain

A

Alcohol fixatives

55
Q

An alcohol fixative that fixes dry and wet smear, blood smear and bone marrow tissue

A

Methyl alcohol

56
Q

Used for fixing touch preparations

A

Isopropyl alcohol

57
Q

May be used as simple fixatives

A

Ethyl alcohol

58
Q

Recommended for fixing mucopolysaccharide and nuclear protein

A

Newcomer’s fluid

59
Q

fixation time of ethyl alcohol

A

18-24 hours

60
Q

Fxation time of newcomer’s fluid

A

12-18 hours at 3C

61
Q

most rapid alcohol fixative

A

Carnoy’s Fluid

62
Q

Used for urgent biopsies and brain tissue for diagnosis of rabies

A

Carnoy’s fluid

63
Q

Fixation time for carnoy’s fluid

64
Q

how many hours is urgent biopsy processed?

65
Q

Pale yellow powder which dissolves in water

A

Osmium tetroxide

66
Q

Other name for osmium tetroxide

A

Osmic acid

67
Q

fixes conjugated-fats and lipids permanently

A

Osmium tetroxide

68
Q

Preserves cytoplasmic structures well (mitochondria and golgi bodies)

A

Osmium tetroxide

69
Q

fixes myelin and peripheral nerves well and adequately fixes materials fo ultra thin sectioning

A

Osmium tetroxide

70
Q

Most common chrome-osmium acetic acid and fixative

A

Flemming’s solution

71
Q

Osmium tetraoxide fixative that is Recommended for nuclear strucures such as chromosomes

A

Flemming’s solution

72
Q

It permanently fixes fats

A

Flemming’s solution

73
Q

Fixation time for flemming’s solution

A

24-48 hours

74
Q

osmium tetraoxide fixative that is not for nuclear structures

A

Flemming’s solution without acetic acid

75
Q

Mad up of only chromic and osmic acid

A

Flemming’s solution without acetic acid

76
Q

Type of osmium tetroxide fixative that is recommended for cytoplasmic structures such as the mitochondria

A

Flemming’s solution without acetic acid

77
Q

Fixation time for Flemming’s solution without acetic acid

A

24-48 hours

78
Q

Type of alcohol fixative that is used for fixing touch preparations

A

Isopropyl alcohol (95%)

79
Q

Fixativ that is sometimes incorporated into compound fixatives

A

Trichloroacetic acid

80
Q

Precipitates proteins

A

Trichloroacetic acid

81
Q

Has a marked swelling effect

A

Trichloroacetic acid

82
Q

May be used as a weak decalcifying agent

A

Trichloroaetic acid

83
Q

Used at ice cold temperature ranging from -5 to 4C

84
Q

Recommended for phosphates and lipases (water diffusable agents)

85
Q

Used for fixing brain tissues for diagnosing rabies (2nd fixative for brain tissues and diagnosing rabies)

86
Q

Involves thermal coagulation of tissue proteins

A

Heat fixation

87
Q

Employed for frozen tissue sections and bacteriological smear

A

Heat fixation

88
Q

Preserves nuclear and cytoplasmic detail

A

Heat fixation

HSTCYT1 (18 decks)

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