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VETS1003 > mesenteries > Flashcards

mesenteries Flashcards

1
Q

the 4 boundaries of the abdominal cavity

A
  • dorsal: lumbar vertebrae
  • lateral & ventral: ribs and abdominal muscles
  • caudal; pelvic inlet
  • cranial; diaphragm
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2
Q

abdominal cavity extends well under the

A

costal arch

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3
Q

the thorax is defined caudally by the

A

margin of the ribs (although the thoracic cavity is defined caudally by the diaphragm)

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4
Q

part of abdominal cavity which is under the ribs is sometimes referred to as the

A

intrathoracic part of the abdominal cavity

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5
Q

The abdominal cavity and the cranial part of the pelvic cavity is lined by

A

peritoneum, a thin serous membrane

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6
Q

peritoneum is on wall is

peritoneum on organs is

A

parietal peritoneum

visceral peritoneum

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7
Q

space between the parietal peritoneum and visceral peritoneum is the

A

peritoneal cavity
(not so much a cavity as it is potential space, lubricated by fluid)

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8
Q

what is the potential space between the peritoneum and sublumbar muscles that lies dorsal to parietal peritoneum

A

retroperitoneal space

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9
Q

what abdominal organs lie dorsal to the peritoneum in the retroperitoneal space

A

aorta, caudal vena cava, kidneys and adrenal glands

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10
Q

what are the mesenteries

A

parietal peritoneum relfected down from dorsal wall of abdomen to support abdominal organs

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11
Q

describe the structure of the peritoneum

A

a thin serous membrane, a thin layer of squamous mesothelial cells overlying loose connective tissue, The mesothelial cells, which are specialized epithelial cells, have irregular microvilli and
are pinocytotic and phagocytic

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12
Q

serous membrane of peritoneum and mesenteries is lubricated with serous fluid, describe the serous fluid

A
  • Similar to plasma, lower protein
  • Free cells – lymphocytes, macrophages, etc. but NO red blood cells
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13
Q

peritonitis

A

inflammation of peritoneal cavity; volume of fluid and numbers of cell greater increase

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14
Q

in peritoneal effusions the free mesothelial cells may differentiate into fibroblast and lead to formation of

A

adhesions

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15
Q

septic peritonitis

A

infection of peritoneal cavity

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16
Q

what happens to the free fluid in peritoneal cavity in response to peritoneal effusions

A

the stoma is diaphragm aid in its reabsorption, its drained via lymphatic system

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17
Q

the embryonic digestive tract is supported by

A

the dorsal primitive mesentery and ventral primitive mesentery

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18
Q

during embryonic development the dorsal mesentery becomes _____

and the ventral mesentery becomes ____

A

dorsal mesentery –> greater omentum

ventral mesentery –> lesser omentum

19
Q

what happens to the dorsal and ventral primitive mesenteries caudal to the stomach during development

A

ventral disappears
dorsal continues supporting role

20
Q

mesenteries and omenta carry all the

A

blood vessels, nerves and lymphatic supplies for the digestive tract

21
Q

the greater omentum is a fold of

A

serosa between dorsal body wall and greater curvature of stomach

22
Q

the greater omentum contains

A

blood vessels, fat and lymphatic tissue (milky patches)

23
Q

greater omentum play important part in

A

repair of damage to peritoneum (often placed next to surgery site to allow for repair and lymphatic drainage)

24
Q

deep wall of greater omentum

A

originates of dorsal abdominal wall in region of pancreas and lies over the visceral surface of the stomach and towards the pelvis

25
Q

The deep wall of the greater omentum originates on
the dorsal abdominal wall in the region of the pancreas, and lies over the visceral
surface of the stomach and towards the pelvis. Here it folds ventrally to become the

A

superficial wall, which runs back to the stomach (the part you see when you open the ventral abdomen)

26
Q

omental bursa

A

the superficial and deep walls of the greater omentum form a sac; an enclosed pocket of peritoneal cavity

27
Q

entry to the omental bursa sac is via

A

epiploic foramen (of winslow) between hepatic portal vein and caudal vena cava

** intestines can become caught in foramen

28
Q

gastrosplenic ligament attaches

A

greater omentum to spleen

29
Q

GDV

A
  • gastric dilation volvulus
  • stomach dilates due to food/gas
  • stomach rotates in abdomen
  • can drag spleen with it
  • vascular compromise; blockage in blood supply to spleen and stomach
30
Q

the lesser omentum is divided into what 2 ligament, where does it connect

A
  • hepatogastric ligament; lesser curvature of stomach to visceral surface of liver
  • heptaduodenal ligament; cranial part of duodenum to visceral surface of liver
31
Q

the lesser omentum forms the ______ border of the

A

ventral border of the vestibule of the omental bursa

32
Q

root of mesentery

A

short line of attachment of mesenteries to the dorsal abdominal wall, site of origin of the cranial mesenteric artery

33
Q

site of origin of the cranial mesenteric artery

A

root of mesentery

34
Q

what commonly occurs in the jejunal mesenteries

A

very large lymph nodes called the jejunal (mesenteric) lymph nodes

35
Q

Which of the following forms the cranial border of the abdominal cavity?

A

diaphragm

36
Q

The wall of the abdominal cavity is lined by the:

A

Parietal peritoneum

37
Q

Which of the following organs lies in the retroperitoneal space?
A.
Stomach

B.
Liver

C.
Spleen

D.
Kidneys

A

Kidneys

38
Q

Which of the following cell types should NOT be found in peritoneal fluid from a healthy animal?

A.
Lymphocytes

B.
Red blood cells

C.
Macrophages

D.
Mast cells

A

Red blood cells

39
Q

As the stomach rotates during development, the dorsal primitive mesentary becomes which of the following?

A

Greater omentum

40
Q

Which wall of the greater omentum do you see when you approach the abdominal cavity from the ventral aspect?

A

Superficial wall

41
Q

The superficial and deep layers of omentum form a sac known as what?

A

The omental bursa

42
Q

The stomach rotates during development. At the level of the stomach, the ventral primitive mesentery will become the:

A

Lesser omentum

43
Q

The root of the mesenteries is the site of origin for the:

A

Cranial mesenteric artery

VETS1003 (23 decks)

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