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VETS1003 > digestive anatomy of PIG > Flashcards

digestive anatomy of PIG Flashcards

1
Q

pigs have an extra bone in nose in their nose called _____
whats it for

A

os rostrale
rooting behaviours

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2
Q

describe upper and lower incisors

A

lower incisors project rostrally to meet the curved upper incisors to aid in grasping

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3
Q

the premolars and molars are adapted to ____ plant material, rather than grinding it as we see in herbivores

A

crush

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4
Q

pig are omnivores, herbivores or carnivores

A

omnivores

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5
Q

what kind of teeth do pigs have

A

brachydont

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6
Q

what surface of cheek teeth is more significant than in carnivores

what do they have many of making the surface irregular

A

occlusal
tubercle

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7
Q

roots of canines

A

grow for a long time, form the tusks in boars, stop about 2 yrs old in wo2w

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8
Q

warthog tusks

A

distinct tusks, upper and lower canines form tusks upper project laterally beneath the lip and then curving upwards

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9
Q

warthog tusks are mainly used for

A
  • fighting and defensive behaviour
  • dig up food
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10
Q

dental formula pigs

A

similar to dogs, extra upper molar

2(I 3/3 C 1/1 P 4/4 M 3/3) = 44

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11
Q

needle teeth

A
  • i3 and c teeth
  • can be clipped at birth
  • project laterally
  • damage sows teeth
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12
Q

babirusa

A

babirusa has upper tusks that pierce the flesh and grow through the top of its snout

no other wild pigs have this unique feature

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13
Q

pig tongue shape
epiglottis shape

A

narrow tongue, rounded epiglottis

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14
Q

papillae in tongue

A

fungiform, vallate and foliate
(look at pic slide 11)

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15
Q

which gland is much larger than in the dog, what does it cover

A
  • parotid gland
  • covers the more medial mandibular salivary gland
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16
Q

where are the major tonsils.

A

large flat follicular tonsils on ventral surface of soft palate

extend down lateral walls of oropharynx

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17
Q

diverticulum of laryngopharynx is ____ to entrance of esophagus

A

dorsal

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18
Q

stomach is mostly

A

glandular

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19
Q

parts of stomach

A

cardia, fundus, body, pylorus

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20
Q

diverticulum ventriculi

A

dorsomedial blind pouch which occurs off the fundus, pointing
caudally

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21
Q

esophagus in pigs muscle type

A

skeletal muscle except for the
distal 10% where it transitions to smooth muscle

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22
Q

stomach is less distensible; only extends beyond ribs when

A

engorged

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23
Q

non glandular section of stomach

A
  • small section
  • whitish, rough, often stained green
  • around cardia
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24
Q

cardiac region is very

A

extensive; lining one third of stomach including fundus, diverticulum ventriculi

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25
Q

fundic region makes up most of

A

body of stomach

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26
Q

in the lesser curvature of the pylorus is the

A

fatty pyloricus; a protrusion which serves to narrow the pyloric aperture

27
Q

pig has fairly abundant lymphatic tissue with nodules numerous in the

A

cardiac gland region, and concentrated in the diverticulum ventriculi

28
Q

stomach ulcers associated with

A

stress and finely ground feed

29
Q

non glandular region of stomach is around the

A

esophageal sphincter

30
Q

jejunum consists of a

A

large number of small loops

31
Q

jejunum location

A

RHS
loops suspended in sublumbar region touching right abdominal wall

32
Q

when stomach is empty jejunum moves

when it is full jejunum moves

A

left and cranially

caudally

33
Q

taenia

A

from distinct longitudinal bands along intestine

34
Q

haustra

A

taenia cause the intestines to bunch up forming haustra

35
Q

longitudinal muscle layers of intestines are much

A

thicker; form the longitudinal bands (taenia)

36
Q

caecum location

A

large, left of abdominal cavity, caudoventrally

37
Q

how many taenia does caecum have

A

3

38
Q

in the caecum, the ventral band of smooth muscle (ventral taenia) attaches to

A

iliocaecal fold

39
Q

ascending colon forms a

A

spiral loops; 3.5 centripetal (towards center) turns

enclosing tightly coiled returning centrifugal (towards outer) which leads out of the base of the cone into the transverse colon

40
Q

how many taenia does the centripetal outer loops of colon have (absent in smaller centrifugal coils)

A

2

41
Q

where does colon lie

A

middle third of left side of abdomen, leaving the caudal and right regions available to jejunum

42
Q

enclosing tightly coiled returning centrifugal (towards outer) which leads out of the base of the cone into the

A

transverse colon around root of mesenteries

43
Q

The spiral loop is
suspended by the

A

ascending mesocolon which is attached to the root of the
mesentery

44
Q

The transverse colon passes from

A

right to left cranial to the root of the mesentery.

45
Q

The descending colon is close to the mid‐line

A

mid‐line

46
Q

The descending colon supported by the

A

fatty descending mesocolon.

47
Q

T or F a rectal ampulla is present in colon

A

true

48
Q

liver lies largely to

A

right of median plane

49
Q

The pig’s liver is fairly mobile,
due partly to

A

deep interlobar notches

50
Q

pig liver lobes

A

LL, LM, Q, RM, RL, C

51
Q

is there papillary processes

A

no

52
Q

caudate process does not extend caudally to right kidney, means there is no

A

Hepatorenal Ligament aka Caudate Ligament

53
Q

what is normal in pig organs

A

lots of connective tissue; lobules visible on surface

54
Q

connective tissue on liver will make a ________ extremely difficult

A

needle aspirate

55
Q

The dental formula of pigs is similar to dogs; however, pigs have an extra:

A

Upper molar

56
Q

The needle teeth in piglets can be clipped at birth. Which teeth are these?

A

i3 and c

57
Q

The pig has a much larger __________ salivary gland than the dog, which covers the more medial __________ gland.

A

Parotid; mandibular

58
Q

What is the name of the dorsomedial blind pouch which occurs off the fundus in the stomach of pigs?

A

Diverticulum ventriculi

59
Q

What kind of glands are present in mucosa of the small, rough, whitish area around the cardia in the pigs stomach?

A

This area is non-glandualar mucosa

60
Q

In pigs and ruminants there is a fatty protrusion in the lesser curvature of the pylorus, which serves to narrow the pyloric opening. This fatty protrusion is known as the:

A

Torus pyloricus

61
Q

The longitudinal muscle layer in the intestines of pigs is much thicker than in dogs. As such, they form distinct longitudinal bands along the intestines. What are these bands called?

A

Taenia

62
Q

The ascending colon in pigs and ruminants forms a spiral loop. Which of the following statements correctly describes the structure of the spiral colon in pigs?

A

The spiral colon has 3 ½ centripetal turns (towards centre), enclosing tightly coiled returning centrifugal turns (towards outer), which lead out of the base of the cone into the transverse colon

62
Q

Which of the following statements regarding the liver of the pig is INCORRECT?

A.
It lies mainly to the right of the midline

B.
The caudate lobe does not have a papillary process

C.
The caudate process of the caudate lobe reaches the right kidney, and has a impression for the right kidney in it

D.
Unlike the ruminant, the left and right lobes of the liver are separated into lateral and medial lobes. The pig therefore has a left lateral lobe, left medial lobe, right lateral lobe, and a right medial lobe.

A

C.
The caudate process of the caudate lobe reaches the right kidney, and has a impression for the right kidney in it

63
Q

The longitudinal muscle layer in the intestines in some species are thickened, forming distinct longitudinal bands that are called taenia along the intestines. Which of the following species does NOT have taenia?

A

Cat

VETS1003 (23 decks)

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