Med Chart 5 Flashcards
what classification is Epinephrine and Ephedrine
Nonselective Adrenergic Agonist
What is Epinephrine and Ephedrine used for?
- Bronchodilator for bronchospasms, asthma attack.
- Cardiac Arrest with CPR
- Used to treat HYPOTENSION
- Antishock
- Antianaphylaxis
What is the MOA for Epinephrine and Ephedrine?
Activate both Alpha and beta receptors
What are Alpha 1 Adrenergic Agonist?
Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)
Pseudophedrine (Sudafed) Nasal Congestion
Tetrahydrozoline (Visine) Ocular Use
What are the drugs below used for?
- Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)
- Pseudophedrine (Sudafed) Nasal Congestion
- Tetrahydrozoline (Visine) Ocular Use
Nasal congestion, Hypotension, May be used to produce mydriasis (pupil dilation) during ophthalmic exam
What is the MOA for the drugs below?
- Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)
- Pseudophedrine (Sudafed) Nasal Congestion
- Tetrahydrozoline (Visine) Ocular Use
Activate Alpha 1 adrenergic receptors
Nursing concerns for Alpha Adrenergic Agonists:
- Examine IV site frequently
- Remove Contact Lenses and dark eye protection after ophthalmic use
- Use in limited 3-5 day intervals for nasal decongestion
What drug is an Alpha 2 Agonist?
Clonidine
What is Clonidine used for?
to treat hypertension
What is Clonidine’s MOA?
Act thru non-automatic (Centrally) mechanisms
What drug is a Beta 1 Agonist?
Dopamine (Intropin)
What is Dopamin (Intropin) used for?
- Critical care drug for heart attack (M.I)
- Heart failure
- Shock
What is Dopamin (Intropin) Adverse Effect?
has powerful effects on heart
What drugs are Beta 2 Agonist?
Albuterol(Proventil)
Terbutaline (Brethine)
What is Albuterol (Proventil) used for?
Asthma attacks
What is Terbutaline (Brethine) used for?
Reduce preterm labor contractions of uterus
Adverse effects for ALL Adrenergic Agonist:
Epinephrine (Adrenaline) Ephedrine (Efedron) Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) Pseudophedrine (Sudafed) Tetrahydrozoline (Visine) Clonidine Dopamine (Intropin) Albuterol (Proventil) Terbutaline (Brethine)
- Headache R/T blood vessel dilation
- Restlessness & Insomnia R/T CNS
- Euphoria
- Palpitations
- Dysrhythmias
- Tachycardia
- Hypertension
- Pulmonary Edema
- Cardiac Arrest
Nursing concerns for ALL Adrenergic Agonist:
Epinephrine (Adrenaline) Ephedrine (Efedron) Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) Pseudophedrine (Sudafed) Tetrahydrozoline (Visine) Clonidine Dopamine (Intropin) Albuterol (Proventil) Terbutaline (Brethine)
- Assess for underlying problem and Preexisting condition
- Establish baseline and vital signs: H.R., R.R., and BP changes
- Monitor Resp. Status
- Use Cardiac/ Resuscitation monitor including BP
- Inform Prescriber of changes in I&O
What drugs are Alpha 1 Antagonist?
Prazosin (Minipress)
Phentolamine (Regitine)
What are Prazosin (Minipress) and Phentolamine (Regitine) used for?
- Hypertension
- BPH (Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy) Will relax urinary obstruction, but you can only cure it through surgery
-Can reduce Hypertension from Pheochromocytoma (tumor over adrenal glands)
-Excessive secretion of catecholamine by adrenal glands .
↓ vasospasms to fingers and toes on Raynaud’s Disease
MOA of Prazosin (Minipress) and Phentolamine (Regitine) used for?
BLOCK Alpha 1 Adrenergic Receptors Selectively
Adverse Effects for Prazosin (Minipress) and Phentolamine (Regitine) used for?
-First dose phenomenon: orthostatic hypotension
More for alpha 1 antagonists bc they are so potent
This leads to ↓ blood flow to the brain and syncope (loss of consciousness R/T no blood flow)
-Sexual Dysfunction
-N/V and abdominal cramping
-Incontinence & increased urine frequency
-Depression
-Lethargy
-Vivid Dreams
Nursing Concerns for Prazosin (Minipress) and Phentolamine (Regitine)
- Initial therapy should be a low dose and given at bed time to prevent first dose phenomenon
- Assess for syncope
- Give w/ food
- Monitor urine hesitancy
- Monitor BP
- Advise about OTC drugs that may cause drug-drug interactions
What drugs are Beta Adrenergic Antagonist?
Propranolol (Inderal)
Metoprolol (Lopressor/Toprol)
Atenolol (Tenormin)
