mammalian organ system Flashcards
1
Q
cell
A
building block of life, perform specific functions
2
Q
tissues
A
collections of the same cells, or of multiple cell types of same origin
3
Q
organs
A
contain several tissue types
4
Q
organ systems
A
consist of multiple organs
5
Q
- musculo-skeletal system
A
- primary function: movement
- secondary function: support of body, protection of organs, generate heat, calcium metabolism, haemotapoiesus
- includes bones, joints, skeletal muscle
6
Q
cardiovascular system
A
- primary function: provide nutrition and oxygen to cells
- secondary function: transport hormones, remove CO2, transport immune cells, temperature regulation
- includes: heart, blood vessels
7
Q
nervous system
A
- primary function: sensing environment and coordinating response
- secondary function: thinking, helps regulate many functions
- includes: brain, spinal cord, cranial and peripheral nn, ganglia
- 3 systems in one, CNS, PNS, ANS (central, peripheral, autonomic)
8
Q
respiratory system
A
- primary function: oxygenation of blood
- secondary function: removal of CO2, controls blood pH, olfaction, vocalization, thermoregulation
- includes: nose, nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, lungs, diaphragm, muscles and bones of thorax
9
Q
urinary system
A
- primary function: removal waste products and regulation correct hydration levels
- secondary function: regulate Na+, K+, Cl- in blood, regulate blood pH, territorial marking
- includes: kidneys, ureters, bladder urethra
10
Q
reproductive system
A
- primary function: reproduce
- secondary function: manufacture sex hormones
- includes: ovaries, uterus, cervix, vagina, vulva / testes, prostate, penis
- most important biologically
- least important in a survival sense
11
Q
digestive system
A
- primary function: provision of nutrition to circulatory system for cell of the whole body
- secondary function: excretion waste, maintain hydration, regulate and balance essential substances, territorial marking
- includes: mouth, teeth, tongue, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, liver, intestines, pancreas, caecum, rectum, anus
12
Q
what is one of most studied systems in vet med and why
A
digestive system, understanding nutrition vital for production and big differences between taxonomic groups
13
Q
integument system
A
- primary function: protect body from outside world
- secondary function: fighting and sexual selection, locomotion, territorial marking, temp regulation
- includes: skin, horns, hooves, hair
14
Q
immune system
A
- primary function: fight foreign intrusions
- secondary function: wound repair, fight cancer
- includes: thymus, bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen
15
Q
innate immune system
A
complement component of immune system; macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, mast cells
16
Q
adaptive immune system
A
B & T lumphocytes
17
Q
endocrine system
A
- primary function: signalling system
- includes: glands that secrete hormones into blood; pituitary, adrenal, thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas, ovaries, testes, placenta
18
Q
sensory systems
A
- eyes; vision balance
- ears; hearing balance
- usually dealt with as part of CNS
