Male Reproductive System Flashcards
Tunica vaginalis
Fluid filled sac outside testis that allow free movement
Seminiferous tubules
Where sperm is produced
Spermatogonia
Rest on basal lamina, type B forms primary spermatocytes
Primary spermatocytes
In meiosis one, first step where they are foreign to the body
Early spermatids
Close to the lumen, small and round, do not divide any. Further
Spermiogenesis
Sperm differentiation and maturation, development of the acrosome and tail, excess cytoplasm left behind
Serotoli cells
Provide support for spermatogenesis, respond to FSH, forms the blood testes barrier
Androgen binding protein
Secreted by the serotonin cells, sequesters testosterone to maintain high levels needed for spermatogenesis
Inhibin
Secreted by sertoli cells to inhibit FSH release
Leydig cells
Steroid secreting cells that respond to LH, produce testosterone
5-a-reductase
Create dehydrotestosterone, necessary for the development of normal external male genitalia
Cryptorchidism
One or both testes fail to descend into scrotum
Spermatogenesis
Generation of primary spermatocytes (mitotic ally)
Spermiation
Release of spermatoa from sertoli cells
Intratesticular ducts (3)
Seminiferous tubule terminus, straight tubules, rete testis
Extratesticular ducts (3)
Efferent ductules, duct of epididymis, ductus deferens
Seminiferous tubule terminal
Much narrower that seminiferous tubules, only Sertoli cells, will join rete testis
Rete testis
Many microvilli, reabsorb fluid to concentrate sperm
Efferent ductules
Tall, ciliated cells with a star shaped lumen surrounded by smooth muscle
Epididymis
Long, coiled tube with cilia, separated to head body and tail, tail stores sperm prior to ejaculation
Vas deferens
Single lumen with three smooth muscle layered (LCL), contract during ejaculation
Seminal vesicles
Coiled tube that secures fructose, flavins, prostaglandins, seminogelins I and II, contributes about 60% of semen volume
Seminogelins
Protein that coagulate semen
Prostate
Secretes alkaline fluid, has corporea amylacea
Corpora amylacea
Calcific precipitation’s diagnostic of prostate
Prostate secretions (4)
- Prostate specific ag
- Fibrinolysin
- Citric acid
- Zinc
P63
Protein normally expressed in the prostate, absent in prostate cancer
Prostatic zones (4)
Central- resistant to carcinoma
Peripheral- Most carcinomas, palpable on rectal exam
Transitional- location of BPH
Periurethral- location of BPH
Bulbourethral glands (Cowper)
Secrete alkaline mucous for neutralization of urine
Urethral glands
Line urethra and produce a mucus to protect from acidic urine
Intimal cushion
Smooth muscle that forms a valve, relaxes when nitric oxide is released during sexual stimulation
