Integument- Lecture 10/7/21

Question 1

Functions of the skin

Answer 1

• Protective (Keratin synth, hairs, sebum)
• Sensory (Specialized nerve endings)
• Thermoregulation (sweat glands, control of blood throw)
• Metabolic (Vitamin D synthesis, ion balance)
• Immunological (Langerhan’s cells, wandering lymphocytes)

Question 2

Integument layers

Answer 2

1) Epidermis
2) Dermis
3) Hypodermis

Question 3

Thick skin

Answer 3

Locates on palms/soles

• hairless
• Fingerprint grooves
• SSKE

Question 4

Thin skin

Answer 4

• Everwhere else, usually hair and hair associated glands

- SSKE

Question 5

Epidermis layers

Answer 5

1) Stratum corneum
2) Stratum Granulosum
3) Stratum spinosum
4) Strutum Basale

Question 6

Stratum basale

Answer 6

Includes stem cells, melanocytes, and Merkel cells. Hemidesmosomes connect the basale to the basal lamina

Question 7

Hemidesmosomes

Answer 7

Links keratin to basal lamina, transmembrane: Integrins, collagen XVII
- Peripheral proteins: Plectin, BP230

Question 8

Bullous pamphigoid

Answer 8

Blistering disease involved with autoantibodies against collagen 17

Question 9

Stratum spinosum

Answer 9

Prickle cell layer that get that appearance from abundant desmosomes

Question 10

Desmosomes

Answer 10

Cell-cell connections using Cadherins, Desmogleins and desmocollin

Question 11

Desmoglein and Desmocollin

Answer 11

Cadherins that span a desmosomes, holding the cells together

Question 12

Pemphigus

Answer 12

Blistering disease involving autoantibody formation against desmoglein

Question 13

Impetigo

Answer 13

Staph infection results in serine protease release

Question 14

Stratum granulsum

Answer 14

Have granules containing filaggrin, loricrin, and trichohyaline

Question 15

Tonofilaments

Answer 15

Microfilaments that are synthesized in the epidermis

Question 16

Tonofibrils

Answer 16

In the granulosum, filagrin condenses the fibers

Question 17

Lamellar granule

Answer 17

Contains lipid particles that serve as a waterproof barrier in the skin

Question 18

Stratum corneum

Answer 18

Dead cells packed with keratin, has lipid layers and residual desmosomes

Question 19

Melanocytes

Answer 19

Melanin pigment production, formed from a tyrosinase

Question 20

Contributors to skin pigmentation

Answer 20

• Dermal capillary bed
• Ingested fat soluble pigments
• endogenous pigments (Bilirubin, hemosiderin)
• Stratum corneum thickness
• Eumelanin/Pheomelanin pigments

Question 21

Melanocyte

Answer 21

• Neural crest derivative
• Lie superficial to BL
• Synthesize tyrosinase

Question 22

Melanin cap

Answer 22

Protects the nucleus from UV rays, eumelanin is more effective than phaomelanin

Question 23

Langerhan cell

Answer 23

Antigen presentation
No desmosomes
Marrow derivative

Question 24

Merkel cell

Answer 24

Mechanoreceptors

Question 25

Papillary dermis

Answer 25

Upfoldings into the epidermis

Question 26

Hairs

Answer 26

Keratinized epithelial structures, can extend to the hypodermis

Question 27

Characteristics of skin glands

Answer 27

- Simple, coiled tubular gland - Thermoregulation - Salt balance - Has myothelial cells - Ducts modify secretion

Question 28

Eccrine sweat glands

Answer 28

Merocrine secretion of Na+

Question 29

apocrine gland

Answer 29

Product is stored Ducts do not modify secretion Develop at puberty

Question 30

Sebaceous gland

Answer 30

Acinar morphology Holocrine secretion Secrete oily sebum, usually associated with hairs

Question 31

Free nerve endings

Answer 31

- Thermoreceptors - Mechanorecepptors - Nocireseptors

Question 32

merkel endings

Answer 32

-Slow-adapting mechanoreceptors

Question 33

Meissner’s corpsucle

Answer 33

-Rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors, dermal papilla

Question 34

Pacinian corsucle

Answer 34

-rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors in the hypodermis