Cartilage And Bone - Lecture 9/15/21

Question 1

Types of cartilage (3)

Answer 1

Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage

Question 2

Hyaline cartilage

Answer 2

Translucent
Very hydrated, resists compression
Smooth
Located at all articulated joint surfaces

Question 3

Elastic

Answer 3

Similar to hyaline but also contains elastic fibers

Question 4

Where elastic cartilage is found

Answer 4

External ear, Eustachian tube, epiglottis

Question 5

Fibrocartilage

Answer 5

Hydrates, but also contains collagen I so also high in tensile strength

Question 6

Where fibrocartilage is found

Answer 6

Intervertebral discs, temporomandibular joints, pubic symphysis

Question 7

Isogenous groups

Answer 7

Back to back D shaped cells, unique to cartilage

Question 8

Territorial matrix

Answer 8

Very basophilic, close to cells so darker

Question 9

Homogeneous inter territorial matrix ITM

Answer 9

Less basophilic, still shows up purple in between chondrocytes

Question 10

Perichondrium

Answer 10

The edge of cartilage, contains chondroblasts, collagen II, “brick layer” cells

Question 11

Appositional growth

Answer 11

From the pericardium, undergone by “bricklayer. Cells

Question 12

Interstitial growth

Answer 12

Growth from within the cartilage matrix by chondrocytes

Question 13

Osteoarthritis

Answer 13

Progressive wear and tear of the articulation cartilage, making it rough. Avascular and a neural so can’t fix it

Question 14

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 14

Autoimmune disease that affects Synovium and cartilage

Question 15

Aspects unique to fibrocartilage

Answer 15

Has no perichondrium, type I fibers present, has fibroblasts

Question 16

Woven bone

Answer 16

Immature bone, disorderly arrangement of collagen

Question 17

Lamellar bone

Answer 17

Mature bone, can be compact or spongy

Question 18

Characteristics of Compact bone

Answer 18

Have heversion systems with concentric lemallae and osteocytes interconnected by processes within the lamellar

Question 19

Periosteum

Answer 19

Outside of lamellar bone

Question 20

Endosteum

Answer 20

Inside of lamellar bone

Question 21

Canaliculi

Answer 21

Tunnels through the bone that allow osteocytes to connect with each other

Question 22

Other names for spongy bone

Answer 22

Cancellous or trabecular

Question 23

Woven bone structure

Answer 23

Inner calcified cartilage, irregular bone placed by osteoblasts on the outside

Question 24

Osteon

Answer 24

Contains the Haversian canal, surrounded by concentric lamellae

Question 25

External circumferential lemellae

Answer 25

Surrounds the entirety of the bone, inside the periosteum

Question 26

Volkman’s canal

Answer 26

Channel connecting the Haversian canals, not surrounded by concentric lamellae

Question 27

Inner circumferential lamellae

Answer 27

Separetes the compact from spongy

Question 28

Trebecula

Answer 28

A section of spongy bone, contains bone lamellae but no haversion systems

Question 29

Osteogenic cells

Answer 29

Osteoblasts or osteocytes, Mesenchymal derivative

Question 30

Osteoclasts

Answer 30

Breaks bone down, derived from the marrow acidophilic

Question 31

Howship’s lacunae

Answer 31

Burrow that osteoclasts make in the bone when breaking it down

Question 32

Osteoporosis

Answer 32

When bone degradation is greater than bone formation, more common in post menopausal women because physiologic estrogen inhibits bone resorption

Question 33

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 33

Brittle bone disease-> mutations in type one collagen