Malaria Lecture Flashcards
How many cases of malaria are reported in the US each year?
1500-2000
What are the five human forms of malaria?
Vivax falciparum malariae ovale knowlesi
What are the clinical signs of malaria?
Periodic episodes of chills and fever
usually enlarged spleen and liver
Identified parasites in blood smears (most accurate)
List the severity and frequency of febrile attacks in the following:
falciparum
vivax
malariae
falciparum: irregular and severe
vivax: every 2 days and mild
Malariae: every 3 days and intermediate
Does falciparum give relapses?
No
How was resistance to chloroquine developed?
A positive charge placed in the PfCRT was removed which allowed the positively charged chloroquine to exit the vacuole.
why do quinolones accumulate in food vacuole?
It is the lowest pH and the drugs are weak bases
Treatment of Sever Malaria in all regions?
IV quinidine gluconate plus tetracycline, doxycycline or clindamycin
IV artesunate followed by atovaquone-proguanil, doxy, or mefloquine
Treatment of uncomplicated chloroquine sensitive (falciparum, malariae, knowlesi)
Cholorquine phosphate
Treatment of uncomplicated chloroquine sensitive (vivax, ovale)
Chloroquine plus primaquine
Treatment of chloroquine resistance falciparum
Atovaquone-proguanil
Treatment of chloroquine resistance vivax
Quinine sulfate plus doxy or tertacycline plus primaquine
