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VMS4008 > Maintaining Healthy Companion Animal > Flashcards

Maintaining Healthy Companion Animal Flashcards

1
Q

NEw Patient - what to consider?

A
  • BReding/ neutering
  • Annual health checks
  • Breeder paperwork
  • Health Care Plans
  • Dew clax removal
  • Hip/elbow/ eyes score
  • Insurance
  • Parasite control
  • Screening and blood tests
  • Bhvr and socialisation
  • Tail docking
  • Vaccination
  • Prescriptions
  • Microchip
  • Nutrition
  • Travel docs
  • Prescriptions
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2
Q

Kitten/ puppy cconsult - what to consider?

A
  • what has breeder already done?
  • Advise on diet, vaccines, parasites, neutering, microchip, insurance, socialisation
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3
Q

Clinical Exam Puppy Kitten?

A
  • Undershot/ overshow jaw (malocclusion)
  • EctoPs
  • Heart murmurs
  • Umbilical hernia
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4
Q

Describe Adult Health Consults

A
  • CE
  • Preventative medicine
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5
Q

Senior HEalth consults?

A

(dog >6-12y) (cat >12y)
Same as adult + OA / pain maangement, screening (bloods/urine), T4 and blood pressure in cats

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6
Q

Role of Nurse Clinics?

A
  • Puppy parties
  • Weight clinics/ nutrition
  • Grooming
  • Health monitoring (diabetes clinics, senior pet clinics, 2nd/3rd vacc, dental checks)
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7
Q

What are the WSAVA guidelines for vaccines?

A
  • Core : protect from severe life threatening dx regardless fo circumstances
  • Non-core: relative to geographical location, lifestyle or environment (i.e. rabies before travel)
  • Not recommended (not enough scientific evidence)
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8
Q

Describe serology for vaccination decision making?

A
  • Can measure antibody levels for Distemper, Canine hep, Canine and Feline Parvo, Feline herpes and calicivirus
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9
Q

What Canine Vaccinations?

A
  • Leptospirosis (L)
  • Canine adenovirus (H)
  • Canine parainfluenza virus (Pi)
  • Canine distemper virus (D)
  • Canine parvovirus type 2 (P)
  • Rabies
  • Bordatella bronchiseptica
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10
Q

What main feline vaccines?

A
  • ‘Cat flu’ (feline calicivirus (C)) & Fe Herpesvirus 1 (R)
  • Feline parvo, enteritis (P)
  • Feline leukaemia (FeLV)
  • Rabies
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11
Q

What CORE vaccines in dog?

A
  • Canine distemper
  • Canine adenovirus
  • Canine parvovirus
  • Lepto
    (Rabies if endemic)
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12
Q

What are the CORE feline vaccines?

A
  • Feline Parvovirus
  • Feline herpesvirus 1
  • Feline Calicivirus
    (rabies in countries where endemic)
  • Feline leukaemia
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13
Q

What TIMING recommendations from WSAVA for vaccinations

A
  • 1st -> 8-9 wks of age
  • 2nd -> at 12 weeks
  • 3rd at 16 weeks or older
  • 4th at 26weeks
  • Then every 3 years
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14
Q

What is the issue with timing for vaccination?

A
  • Manufacturers say only 2 vaccines required
  • BEcause of MDA 10% of puppies may fail to respond to primary core vaccination when the last of these primary vaccines is given at 12 weeks of age
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15
Q

IS Leptospirosis in UK?

A

YES

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16
Q

Describe the serovars of Lepto

A
  • L. interrogans Canicola Canicola
  • L. interrogans Icterohaemorrhagiae Copenhageni
  • L. interrogans AustralisBRatislava
  • L.kirschneri Grippotyphosa Banali
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17
Q

What knowledge are we missing on Lepto ?

A
  • How significant problem is
  • Where geographically hotspots are
  • Which serogroups and serovars present
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18
Q

L2 vs L4 reactions?

A

L2 <2/10000 doses
L4 <4/10000 doses

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19
Q

Real name of Kennel Cough?

A

Canine infectious tracheobronchitis or disease complex

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20
Q

How many strains of Kennel cough?

A

9 +

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21
Q

Who is at risk of kennel cough?

A
  • Kennels frequently
  • Attend shows, competitions
  • Doggy daycare
  • Rescue centres
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22
Q

What can be incorporated in vacc schedule for Kennel cough?

A

Canine Parainfluena and/ or Bordetella bronchiseptica

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23
Q

WHat is super important to point out to clients with Kennel Cough?

A

LIVE VACCINE - careful with immunosuppression / compromised person
(oronasal shedding continues up to 35d)

24
Q

What should you avoid 14d post-vaccination with KC?

A

Antibiotics

25
Q

Rabies Vaccine?

A

Not endemic in the UK, RQ for Travel

26
Q

Leishmania vaccine?

A
  • Doesn’t prevent infection but reduced risk by promoting cell-mediated immunity
  • Only give to healthy seronegative dogs when at high risk
27
Q

Borriela vaccine? (Lyme dx)

A
  • Use fo an acaricide considered effective - takes 24 hrs from attachment to tick to transfer of Borrelia - by which time tick should be dead
28
Q

Canine Herpes Vaccine?

A
  • For use in pregnant bitches to provide passive protection for the puppies in the first few days of life via antibodies in colostrum
  • First injection 7-10 days after the presumed date of mating
  • Second injection: 1-2 weeks before the expected date of whelping
29
Q

IS FIP licensed in UK?

A

No - not available (other countries do but serology can’t distinguish vacc from infection)

30
Q

Describe FIP vaccination

A

NOT RECOMMENDED
- Only ats know to be feline coronavirus antibody-negative at time of vacc are likely to develop protection
- Given at 16 weeks old

31
Q

What Causes of vaccination failure?

A

Non responders, MPersistence fo Maternal immunity, circulation of different antigenci variants, vaccine storage or admin errors, non compliance with vacc schedule

32
Q

How long are MDAs protecting kittens/ puppies?

A

first few weeks - waned by 8-12 weeks - hence recommended to give again after then

33
Q

What is the ‘window of susceptibility’ or ‘immunity gap’?

A

2-3 weeks where MDA falls to a level that isn’t protective but is enough to neutralize vaccine virus

34
Q

What to do in Rottweilers an Dobbies?

A

HIGHER RISK of primary immunisation failure to CPV vaccines -> give another vaccine at 4 months old for parvo

35
Q

What info should you record in vaccination card?

A

Animal ID,Microchip n°, owner name and address, date of vaccine, vacc type/ name and lot number, signature of vet

36
Q

What do MAcrocyclic lactones and benzimidazooles cover?

A

Nematodes and cestodes (Milbemycin, moxidectin, selamectin ; Fenbendaoles..)

37
Q

Dipylidium sp not controlled -what do we use for it?

A

Praziquantel (Droncit)

38
Q

Puppies - Roundworm prevention?

A

Treat at 2,5, 8 wks and then every month until 6 mths old

39
Q

Pregnant bitches - Roudworm tx?

A

3rd trimester tx (fenbendazole SID from day 40until 2 wks post partum or ML on day 40 & 55)

40
Q

How often to treat for roundworms if dog sharing home with young children to immunocompromised individuals?

A

Monthly if FWEC is not performed

41
Q

How often to treat roundworms in shows/ sports/ kennel dogs?

A

1 month before and 2-4 weeks after event

42
Q

Describe Tapeworm prevention?

A
  • Travel - part of AHC guidelines
  • Raw-fed dogs - every 6 weeks
  • Flea infestation (they can carry tapeworm)
43
Q

Indoor Cat Worming?

A

1x yearly

44
Q

Outdoor hunting cats?

A

4 x / year for round and tapeworms

45
Q

What different treatments do we have?

A
  • Ectoparasites
  • Acaricides (mites and ticks)
  • Insecticides (insects)
  • Growth regulators -> methoprene & lufenuron
46
Q

Reasons to neuter?

A
  • Prevention fo unwanted pregnancy
  • Undesirable signs of oestrus
  • Prophylaxis (mammary neoplasia)
  • Treatment (pyometra, neop)
  • Inherited disease (intersexualised)
  • Bhvr modification
  • Longevity
  • Cats= reduced risk of FIV/ FeLV
47
Q

Reasons not to neuter?

A
  • Permanent (surgery)
  • ELective procedure ona. healthy animal
  • USMI
  • Obesity ?
48
Q

Timing of neutering- Prepubertal - Advantages?

A
  • Quicker recovery (M/F)
  • Reduces risk of mammary neoplasia (F)
  • Bhvr not established (M/F)
49
Q

Timing neutering prepubertal - Disadvantages?

A
  • Increased anesthesia risk (M/F)
  • Delayed closure of growth plates (M/F?)
  • Vulvar size (F)
  • Possible risk of USMI in large breed dogs
50
Q

What regulations for microchipping? dogs

A

The Microchipping of Dogs Regulation 2015, made under section 12 of the The Animal Welfare Act 2006, cam einto effect 2015 for all dogs over 8 Weeks

51
Q

When do cats need to be microchipped by?

A

20 weeks old

52
Q

Detail prescription regulations

A
  • No longer need to carry out PE to take animal under your care
  • Must be able to provide follow up care on 24/7 basis
  • Must always perform PE in cases of suspected notifiable dx, controlled drug and AB, antifungal, antiparasitics, antivirals
53
Q

Tail Docking - regulations?

A

The Docking of Working Dogs Tail Regulations 2007
- Breeder and bet to complete certificate
- Medical reason or working dogs only
- Vet must receive evidence that pups meet conditions
- declaration that pup will be future working dog
- WITHIN 5 DAYS of birth
- Pup needs to be microchipped before 8 weeks at the same practice

54
Q

What is a true dew claw?

A

1st digit hind and fore limb - the HINDLIMB ones are vestigial but the front ones are ACTUAL digits

55
Q

Who can amputate dew claws?

A

IF the puppy’s eyes aren’t open yet -> anyone over 18 can

56
Q

What does the removal of Dew Claws stand as legally?

A

The Animal Welfare Act 2006 considers r a ‘permitted procedure’ with the condition that anaesthetic must be administered once puppy’s eyes are open

57
Q

Ear Cropping Legally?

A

Illegal in the UK but can send abroad to do it

Kept ANimal Bill 2023 would have tackled importation of dogs with cropped ears & puppy smuggling but got rejected

VMS4008 (10 decks)

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