Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology 2 > M3 Koch's Postulates > Flashcards

M3 Koch's Postulates Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are the different ‘ages’ moved through time

A

age of disaster
age of disease
now = ape of decay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what does age of decay mean

A

treating disease efficiently but body wearing out

cancer, ageing and obesity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what dd koch hypothesise and when

A

germ theory of disease 1880’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is koch postulates about

A

microorganisms is present in every case of disease but absent in health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how can koch’s postulates be confirmed

A

suspected organisms isolated and grown in pure culture then inoculate healthy see if become diseased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what should be seen form the pt’s innoculum of infectious agent

A

Ab in pt’s serum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the major groups of infectious agents

A

protozoa
fungi
bacteria
viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are protozoa

A

single celled animals
eukaryote
e.g. malaria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are fungi

A

higher plant like organism
eukaryotes
e.g. candida albicans - thrush

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are bacteria

A

generally small, single celled

prokaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are viruses

A

very small obligate parasites
non living
resp and blod bourne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

the human body is know as a what

A

eosytem

micro- biome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how many mammalian cells in human bod

A

10^13

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how many microorganisms in human bod

A

10^14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the two types of micro organisms assc with body

A

endogenous - majority

exogenous - not normla flora

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is a free living bacteria

A

saprophytic
feed on dead org mat
one genus sp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is commensal bacteria

A

organisms gains advantage but host doesn’t gain from ass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is a mutualistic bacteria

A

or symbiotic
relationship
host and org mutual benefit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is a parasitic bacteria

A

live on or in living creature causing harm/damage to host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

can organisms change lifestyle

A

yes

can e.g. free liv - parasite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the mutualism and parasitism described as

A

dynamic relationship

large num bacteria in body the ability to shift and adapt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is mutualistic symbiotic relationship

A

organism can prod nutrients or vitamins
can degrade harmful chemicals
colonisation resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

hat si colonisation resistance

A

can exclude access/colonisation by pathogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are some sites where there is common ‘microflora’

A 
body surfaces - epi 
oral cavity 
resp tract
GI tract 
urinary tract
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

is there microflora in stomach

A

not usually
s cocci and lactobacilli
h pylori
stomach cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

does the colon have microflora

A

has a lot micro orgs
complex micro flora
obligately anaerobic sp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

is the duodenum densely populated

A

more complex

prelim s.cocci, lactobacilli, bactericides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what si the ileum population like

A

more densely populated than jejunum

complex microflora

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what is usually sterile

A

bronchi alveoli trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

where can oral microbial flora found

A 
mucosa lips, cheek and palate
tongue
tooth surfaces- approximate and sbginigval 
saliva
tonsils area
 dentures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what bac is found in gingiva

A

s. cocci

actinomyces

32
Q

what bac is found in palate

A

s.cocci

actinomyces

33
Q

what bac is found on tooth surface

A

s.cocci
actinomyces
fusobacterium

34
Q

what bac is found on tongue

A

s.cocci

35
Q

what bac is found in cheek

A

s.cocci

actinomyces

36
Q

what bac is found on gingival crevice

A

v.complex
s.cocci
actinomyces
gram -ve anaerobic cocci and rods
gram +ve anaerobic cocci nd rods

37
Q

how is sampling done of microflora

A

difficult to do
stimulated/non stim saliva
mucosal surfaces
plaque

38
Q

where is s mutant found

A

saliva & approximal plaque

39
Q

where is s sanguinias found

A

tongue, saliva, approximate nd sub gingival

40
Q

where is s oralis found

A

tongue, saliva, approximal, sub gingival

41
Q

where is s salvarius found

A

tongue
saliva
approximal
sub gingival

42
Q

where is actinomyces found

A

saliva
approxiaml
subgigival

43
Q

where is lactobacillus found

A

saliva

approximal

44
Q

where fusobacterium found

A

tongue
saliva
approximal
subigiinigval

45
Q

where ar spirochetes found

A

sub gingival

46
Q

where are candida found

A

tongue

saliva

47
Q

what are some key points

A

normal flora varies
imp prevent disease
microflora potential pathogens
change in state

48
Q

what is a pahogen

A

microbe capable of causing host damage

includes classical pathogens and opportunistic pathogens and damage prod direct or via host immune response

49
Q

what is virulence

A

measure capacity of pathogen to cause disease

microbe cause damage to host

50
Q

what is a virulence factor

A

making more or less capable of disease

component pathogen damages host not needed for survival

51
Q

what is an adhesin

A

enables binding of organism to host tissue

52
Q

what is an invasin cell

A

enables organism to avoid host defence mechanisms

53
Q

what is aggressin

A

causes damage to host directly

54
Q

what is modulin

A

induces damage to host directly

55
Q

what is the molecular level of koch postulates

A

virulence trait strongly assc with pathogenic strain
inactivation dec pathogenicity
gene expressed at some point

56
Q

what are produced to protect host

A

antibodies directed ag geen product to protect host

57
Q

what are limitations of koch postulates

A

organism cannot be cultured/isolated - obligate intracellular organism
organism is a human pathogen

58
Q

what is a obligate pathogen

A

must cause disease for transmission

human disease

59
Q

what is an opportunistic pathogen

A

do not have to cause disease for transmission

animal pathogen

60
Q

what is an ‘accidental’ pathogen

A

disease hinders or prevents transmission

notmal flora –> disease

61
Q

what are some examples of obligate pathogen

A

TB

csyphilus

62
Q

what are examples of opportunistic pathogens

A

vibrio cholera

63
Q

what are some examples of accidental pathogens

A

meningitis

64
Q

what is epidemiology

A

study of occurnace, spread and control of disease

65
Q

what do u consider for any organism in epidemiology

A 
infection dose
virulence of organism
host status (resistance)
66
Q

what is sporadic

A

not consistent

small peaks

67
Q

what is endemic

A

present whole time at low level

68
Q

what is epidemic

A

sudden spike to high level location of significant land area

69
Q

what is pandemic

A

travels the whole world

2 or more continents

70
Q

whats prevalence

A

proportion of pop affected

71
Q

what is retrospective

A

clinical effect studied

72
Q

what is prospective

A

pop expo to presumed cause studied

73
Q

what is microflora

A

endogenous pop of microbes

74
Q

simply what is koch postulates

A

basis for demo cause of disease

75
Q

what is pahogeniciyt

A

capacity to cause disease/damge

76
Q

what is virulence

A

relative ability to cause disease

Microbiology 2 (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions