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Question 1

The force of intensity with which a response is emitted; provides important quantitative parameters used in defining and verifying the occurrence of some response classes
- Responses meeting those criteria are measured and reported by one or more fundamental or derivative measures such as frequency, duration, or latency

Answer 1

Magnitude

Question 2

Two different meanings in applied behavior analysis: (a) the extent to which the learner continues to perform the target behavior after a portion or all of the intervention has been terminated (ie; response maintenance), a dependent variable or characteristic of behavior; and (b) a condition in which treatment has been discontinued or partially withdrawn, an independent variable or experimental condition

Answer 2

Maintenance

Question 3

An elementary verbal operant involving a response of any form that is evoked by an MO and followed by specific reinforcement
- This allows a speaker to get what she wants or refuse what she does not want

Answer 3

Mand

Question 4

A self directed behavior change technique in which the person forces herself to perform an undesired behavior (eg; a compulsive ritual) repeatedly, which sometimes decreases the future frequency of the behavior

Answer 4

Massed Practice

Question 5

The allocation of responses to choices available on concurrent schedules of reinforcement; rates of responding across choices are distributed in proportions that match the rates of reinforcement received from each choice alternative

Answer 5

Matching Law

Question 6

A discrete trial procedure for investigating conditional relations and stimulus equivalence
- This begins with the participant making a response that presents or reveals the sample stimulus; next, the sample stimulus may or may not be removed, and two or more comparison stimuli are presented
- The participant then selects one of the comparison stimuli
- Responses that select a comparison stimulus that matches the sample stimulus are reinforced; no reinforcement is provided for responses selecting the nonmatching comparison stimuli

Answer 6

Matching to Sample Procedure

Question 7

The average percentage of agreement between the counts reported by two observers in a measurement period composed of a series of smaller counting times; a more conservative measure of IOA than total count IOA

Answer 7

Mean Count per Interval IOA

Question 8

An IOA index for duration per occurrence data; also a more conservative and usually more meaningful assessment of IOA for total duration data calculated for a given session or measurement period by computing the average percentage of agreement of the durations reported by two observers for each occurrence of the target behavior

Answer 8

Mean Duration per Occurrence IOA

Question 9

The process of applying quantitative labels to describe and differentiate objects and natural events
- Measurement in applied behavior analysis involves three steps: (a) identifying the behavior to be measured, (b) defining the behavior in observable terms, and (c) selecting an appropriate observation and data recording method

Answer 9

Measurement

Question 10

Nonrandom measurement error; a form of inaccurate measurement in which the data consistently overestimate or underestimate the true value of an event

Answer 10

Measurement Bias

Question 11

A method of measuring behavior after it has occurred by recording the effects that the behavior produced on the environment

Answer 11

Measurement by Permanent Product

Question 12

An approach to explaining behavior that assumes that a mental, or “inner,” dimension exists that differ from a behavioral dimension and that phenomena in this dimension either directly cause or at least mediate some forms of behavior, if not all

Answer 12

Mentalism

Question 13

A tact evoked by a novel stimulus that shares some, but not all, of the relevant features of the original stimulus

Answer 13

Metaphorical (Tact) Extension

Question 14

A philosophical position that views behavioral events that cannot be publicly observed as outside the realm of science

Answer 14

Methodological Behaviorism

Question 15

A tact evoked by a novel stimulus that shares none of the relevant features of the original stimulus configuration, but some irrelevant yet related feature has acquired stimulus control

Answer 15

Metonymical (Tact) Extension

Question 16

A compound schedule of reinforcement consisting of two or more basic schedules of reinforcement (elements) that occur in an alternating, usually random, sequence; no discriminative stimuli are correlated with the presence or absence of each element of the schedule, and reinforcement is delivered for meeting the response requirements of the element in effect at any time

Answer 16

Mixed Schedule

Question 17

A behavior change strategy in which learners acquire new skills by imitating demonstrations of the skills by live or symbolic models
- The model shows, demonstrates, or conveys exactly the behavior the learner is expected to perform
- Models can be live demonstrations or symbolic representations of the desired behavior

Answer 17

Modeling

Question 18

A measurement method in which the presence or absence of behaviors is recorded at precisely specified time intervals

Answer 18

Momentary Time Sampling

Question 19

A technique of transferring stimulus control in which the practitioner physically guides the participant through the entire performance sequence, and then gradually reduces the level of assistance in successive trials
- Customarily, this transitions from physical guidance to visual prompts to verbal instructions, and finally to the natural stimulus without prompts

Answer 19

Most to Least Response Prompts

Question 20

An environmental variable that (a) alters (increases or decreases) the reinforcing or punishing effectiveness of some stimulus, object, prevent; and (b) alters (increases or decreases) the current frequency of all behavior that has been reinforced or punished by that stimulus, object, or event

Answer 20

Motivating Operation (MO)

Question 21

A type of duplic verbal behavior in which the form of a motor response is under the functional control of a visual verbal SD that has formal similarity between a verbal stimulus and a verbal response product, and a history of generalized reinforcement

Answer 21

Motor Imitation (Relating to Sign Language)

Question 22

An experimental design in which two or more conditions (one of which may be a no treatment control condition) are presented in rapidly alternating succession (eg; on alternating sessions or days) independent of the level of responding; differences in responding between or among conditions are attributed to the effects of the conditions

Answer 22

Multielement Design

Question 23

A multiple baseline design in which the treatment variable is applied to two or more different behaviors of the same subject in the same setting

Answer 23

Multiple Baseline Across Behaviors Design

Question 24

A multiple baseline design in which the treatment variable is applied to the same behavior of the same subject across two or more different settings, situations, or time periods

Answer 24

Multiple Baseline Across Settings Design

Question 25

A multiple baseline design in which the treatment variable is applied to the same behavior of two or more subjects (or groups) in the same setting

Answer 25

Multiple Baseline Across Subjects Design

Question 26

An experimental design that begins with the concurrent measurement of two or more behaviors in a baseline condition, followed by the application of the treatment variable to one of the behaviors while baseline conditions remain in effect for the other behavior(s)
- After maximum change has been noted in the first behavior, the treatment variable is applied in sequential fashion to each of the other behaviors in the design
- Experimental control is demonstrated if each behavior shows similar changes when, and only when, the treatment variable is introduced

Answer 26

Multiple Baseline Design

Question 27

There are two types of multiple control
- Convergent multiple control occurs when a single verbal response is a function of more than one variable (ie; what is said has more than one antecedent source of control)
- Divergent multiple control occurs when a single antecedent variable affects the strength of more than one response

Answer 27

Multiple Control (of Verbal Behavior)

Question 28

Instruction that provides the learner with practice with a variety of stimulus conditions, response variations, and response topographies to ensure the acquisition of desired stimulus control response forms; used to promote both setting/ situation generalization and response generalization

Answer 28

Multiple Exemplar Training

Question 29

A variation of the multiple baseline design that features intermittent measures, or probes, during baseline
- It is used to evaluate the effects of instruction on skill sequences in which it is unlikely that the subject can improve performance on later steps in the sequence before learning prior steps

Answer 29

Multiple Probe Design

Question 30

A compound schedule of reinforcement consisting of two or more basic schedules of reinforcement (elements) that occur in an alternating, usually random, sequence; a discriminative stimulus is correlated with the presence or absence of each element of the schedule, and reinforcement is delivered for meeting the response requirements of the element in effect at any time

Answer 30

Multiple Schedule

Question 31

The effects of one treatment on a subject’s behavior being confounding by the influence of another treatment administered in the same study

Answer 31

Multiple Treatment Interference

Question 32

Any experimental design that uses the experimental methods and logic of the reversal tactic to compare the effects of two or more experimental conditions to baseline and/or to one another (eg; A-B-A-B-C-B-C , A-B-A-C-A-D-A-C-A-D, A-B-A-B-B+C-B-B+C)

Answer 32

Multiple Treatment Reversal Design

Question 33

A bidirectional stimulus relation in which one direction (eg; if A, then B) is directly learned and the other ( if B, then A) is derived

Answer 33

Mutual Entailment