Lymphatic System Flashcards
3 major components of the lymphatic system
lymph
lymphatic vessels
lymphatic tissue/organs
3 major functions of the lymphatic system
darainage
transport
immune responses
what does the lymphatic system transport
large particles, debris, and “leaked” plasma proteins from tissues to the blood
absorbed lipids from he GI tract to the liver
INTERSTITIAL FLUID IS ESSENTIALLY
BLOOD PLASMA MINUS THE PLASMA PROTEINS
once interstitial fluid enters lymphatic capillaries it is referred to as
LYMPH
INTERSITITIAL FLUID
the fluid between cells in tissues
fluid portion of blood is
BLOOD PLASMA
LYMPHATIC CAPILLARIES tend to have
LARGE GAPS between the edges of their endothelial wall cells that allow large particles to enter more easily than the pores of many capillaries
lymphatic capillaries are well-suited to REMOVE
LARGE PARTICLES
CELLULAR DEBRIS
ANY PLASMA PROTEINS THAT HAVE LEAKED INTO TISSUES
and return them to the blood via lymphatic vessels
progression of lymphatic vessels
BEGIN AS LYMPHATIC CAPILLARIES
MERGE TO FORM LARGER “LYMPHATICS”
MERGE INTO LARGER LYMPH TRUNKS
MERGE INTO two main cheannels
1. THORACIC DUCT
2. RIGHT LYMPHATIC DUCT
lymphatic capillaries are LIKE BLOOD CAPILLARIES in that they
consist of a single layer of endothelial cells, with gaps between the cells to allow the entrance of fluid and particles - like pores in blood capillaires
lymphatic capillaries are slightly larger in diameter than blood capillaries, and the edges
OF ENDOTHELIAL CELLS OVERLAP to create openings between the cells
when interstitial pressure is greater than that in the lymphatic capillaries…
FREE EDNGES “OPEN UP” ALLOWING FLUID AND MATERIALS TO ENTER the lymphatic capillaires
lacteals
lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine that allow absorbed lipids to enter lymph
LYMPHATICS
RESEMBLE SMALL VEINS, though their walls are thinner and have more numerous VALVES
LYMPHATICS LEAD INTO
LYMPH NODES
LYMPH TRUNKS
DRAIN LYMPH FROM SPECIFIC AREAS OF THE BODY
LARGEST LYMPHATIC VESSELS (2)
RIGHT LYMPH DUCT
THORACIC DUCT
RIGHT LYMPH DUCT
DRAINS THE RIGHT ARM, AND RIGHT SIDE OF THE HEAD, NECK AND CHEST
LEADS TO the merger of the RIGHT SUBCLAVIAN VEIN with the right internal jugular vein
THORACIC DUCT
DRAINS THE LEFT ARM, LEFT SIDE OF THE HEAD, NECH, AND CHEST, AND THE ENTIRE BODY BELOW THE DIAPHRAGM
EMPTIES INTO the junction of the LEFT SUBCLAVIAN VEIN and the left internal jugular vein
What moves lymph?
SKELETAL MUSCLE PUMP
RESPIRATION
Two principle categories of lymph tissues and organs
PRIMARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS
SECONDARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS AND TISSUES
PRIMARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS
WHERE LYMPHOCYTES ARE PRODUCED AND/OR BECOME IMMUNOCOMPETENT
SECONDARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS AND TISSUES
SITES WHERE MOST IMMUNE DEFENSES TAKE PLACE
what are two primary lymphatic organs
RED BONE MARROW
THYMUS
What are the secondary lymphatic organs and tissues?
SPLEEN
LYMPH NODES
LYMPHATIC NODULES
B LYMPHOCYTES ARE FORMED IN
RED MARROR AND BECOME IMMUNOCOMPETENT THERE
PRE-T LYMPHOCYTES ARE FORMED IN
RED MARROW BUT THEN MIGRATE TO THE THYMUS TO MATURE into immunocompetent T lymphocytes
location of thymus
POSTERIOR TO THE STERNUM
dendritic cells
derived from monocytes and assist in T CELL MATURATION
mature T cells may leave the thymus and MIGRATE TO
THE SPLEEN, LYMPH NODES, AND OTHER LYMPHATIC TISSUES
when does the thymus reach its MAXIMUM SIZE?
INFANCY
where do we find SUPERFICIAL clusters of lymph nodes
CERVIAL, AXILLARY, AND INGUINAL AREAS
functional portion or a lymph node
OUTER CORTEX AND INNER MEDULLA
examples of immune cells found in lymph nodes
B CELLS
T CELLS
MACROPHAGES
before lymph is returned to blood circulation, lymph nodes do what
FILTER LYMPH
role of MACROPHAGES in lymph nodes
engulf and destroy some microbes and foreign substances
role of LYMPHOCYTES in lymph nodes
destroy some microbes by way of immune responses
location of spleen
LUQ OF ABDOMINAL CAVITY
THE LARGEST SINGLE MASS OF LYMPHATIC TISSUE
THE SPLEEN
white pulp of the spleen consists of lymphatic tissues, with
LYMPHOCYTES AND MACROPHAGES around branches of the splenic artery
blood flows into the spleen by way of the. ______ ______ and enters central arteries of the
SPLENIC ARTERY
white pulp of the spleen
role of red pulp in the spleen
REMOVES WORN-OUT OR DEFECTIVE FORMED ELEMENTS
STORES PLATELETS
LYMPHATIC NODULES
masses of lymphatic tissues that lack an exterior capsule of connective tissues
example of Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT)
APPENDIX
TONSILS (typically 5 - single pharyngeal, paired palatine, and paired lingual)
