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A&P II > Lymphatic System > Flashcards

Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

3 major components of the lymphatic system

A

lymph

lymphatic vessels

lymphatic tissue/organs

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2
Q

3 major functions of the lymphatic system

A

darainage

transport

immune responses

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3
Q

what does the lymphatic system transport

A

large particles, debris, and “leaked” plasma proteins from tissues to the blood

absorbed lipids from he GI tract to the liver

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4
Q

INTERSTITIAL FLUID IS ESSENTIALLY

A

BLOOD PLASMA MINUS THE PLASMA PROTEINS

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5
Q

once interstitial fluid enters lymphatic capillaries it is referred to as

A

LYMPH

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6
Q

INTERSITITIAL FLUID

A

the fluid between cells in tissues

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7
Q

fluid portion of blood is

A

BLOOD PLASMA

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8
Q

LYMPHATIC CAPILLARIES tend to have

A

LARGE GAPS between the edges of their endothelial wall cells that allow large particles to enter more easily than the pores of many capillaries

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9
Q

lymphatic capillaries are well-suited to REMOVE

A

LARGE PARTICLES

CELLULAR DEBRIS

ANY PLASMA PROTEINS THAT HAVE LEAKED INTO TISSUES

and return them to the blood via lymphatic vessels

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10
Q

progression of lymphatic vessels

A

BEGIN AS LYMPHATIC CAPILLARIES

MERGE TO FORM LARGER “LYMPHATICS”

MERGE INTO LARGER LYMPH TRUNKS

MERGE INTO two main cheannels
1. THORACIC DUCT
2. RIGHT LYMPHATIC DUCT

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11
Q

lymphatic capillaries are LIKE BLOOD CAPILLARIES in that they

A

consist of a single layer of endothelial cells, with gaps between the cells to allow the entrance of fluid and particles - like pores in blood capillaires

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12
Q

lymphatic capillaries are slightly larger in diameter than blood capillaries, and the edges

A

OF ENDOTHELIAL CELLS OVERLAP to create openings between the cells

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13
Q

when interstitial pressure is greater than that in the lymphatic capillaries…

A

FREE EDNGES “OPEN UP” ALLOWING FLUID AND MATERIALS TO ENTER the lymphatic capillaires

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14
Q

lacteals

A

lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine that allow absorbed lipids to enter lymph

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15
Q

LYMPHATICS

A

RESEMBLE SMALL VEINS, though their walls are thinner and have more numerous VALVES

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16
Q

LYMPHATICS LEAD INTO

A

LYMPH NODES

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17
Q

LYMPH TRUNKS

A

DRAIN LYMPH FROM SPECIFIC AREAS OF THE BODY

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18
Q

LARGEST LYMPHATIC VESSELS (2)

A

RIGHT LYMPH DUCT

THORACIC DUCT

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19
Q

RIGHT LYMPH DUCT

A

DRAINS THE RIGHT ARM, AND RIGHT SIDE OF THE HEAD, NECK AND CHEST

LEADS TO the merger of the RIGHT SUBCLAVIAN VEIN with the right internal jugular vein

20
Q

THORACIC DUCT

A

DRAINS THE LEFT ARM, LEFT SIDE OF THE HEAD, NECH, AND CHEST, AND THE ENTIRE BODY BELOW THE DIAPHRAGM

EMPTIES INTO the junction of the LEFT SUBCLAVIAN VEIN and the left internal jugular vein

21
Q

What moves lymph?

A

SKELETAL MUSCLE PUMP

RESPIRATION

22
Q

Two principle categories of lymph tissues and organs

A

PRIMARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS

SECONDARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS AND TISSUES

23
Q

PRIMARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS

A

WHERE LYMPHOCYTES ARE PRODUCED AND/OR BECOME IMMUNOCOMPETENT

24
Q

SECONDARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS AND TISSUES

A

SITES WHERE MOST IMMUNE DEFENSES TAKE PLACE

25
Q

what are two primary lymphatic organs

A

RED BONE MARROW

THYMUS

26
Q

What are the secondary lymphatic organs and tissues?

A

SPLEEN
LYMPH NODES
LYMPHATIC NODULES

27
Q

B LYMPHOCYTES ARE FORMED IN

A

RED MARROR AND BECOME IMMUNOCOMPETENT THERE

28
Q

PRE-T LYMPHOCYTES ARE FORMED IN

A

RED MARROW BUT THEN MIGRATE TO THE THYMUS TO MATURE into immunocompetent T lymphocytes

29
Q

location of thymus

A

POSTERIOR TO THE STERNUM

30
Q

dendritic cells

A

derived from monocytes and assist in T CELL MATURATION

31
Q

mature T cells may leave the thymus and MIGRATE TO

A

THE SPLEEN, LYMPH NODES, AND OTHER LYMPHATIC TISSUES

32
Q

when does the thymus reach its MAXIMUM SIZE?

A

INFANCY

33
Q

where do we find SUPERFICIAL clusters of lymph nodes

A

CERVIAL, AXILLARY, AND INGUINAL AREAS

34
Q

functional portion or a lymph node

A

OUTER CORTEX AND INNER MEDULLA

35
Q

examples of immune cells found in lymph nodes

A

B CELLS

T CELLS

MACROPHAGES

36
Q

before lymph is returned to blood circulation, lymph nodes do what

A

FILTER LYMPH

37
Q

role of MACROPHAGES in lymph nodes

A

engulf and destroy some microbes and foreign substances

38
Q

role of LYMPHOCYTES in lymph nodes

A

destroy some microbes by way of immune responses

39
Q

location of spleen

A

LUQ OF ABDOMINAL CAVITY

40
Q

THE LARGEST SINGLE MASS OF LYMPHATIC TISSUE

A

THE SPLEEN

41
Q

white pulp of the spleen consists of lymphatic tissues, with

A

LYMPHOCYTES AND MACROPHAGES around branches of the splenic artery

42
Q

blood flows into the spleen by way of the. ______ ______ and enters central arteries of the

A

SPLENIC ARTERY

white pulp of the spleen

43
Q

role of red pulp in the spleen

A

REMOVES WORN-OUT OR DEFECTIVE FORMED ELEMENTS

STORES PLATELETS

44
Q

LYMPHATIC NODULES

A

masses of lymphatic tissues that lack an exterior capsule of connective tissues

45
Q

example of Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT)

A

APPENDIX

TONSILS (typically 5 - single pharyngeal, paired palatine, and paired lingual)

A&P II (18 decks)

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