Lower Limb Flashcards
Lumbar plexus formed by
Ventral Rami of L2 though S3
What are the major nerves of the Lumbosacral plexus
- Femoral N: Posterior division of L2-L4
- Obturator N: Anterior division of L2-L4
- Tibial N: Anterior division of L4-S3
- Common fibular N: Posterior division of L4-S2
- Superior gluteal N: Posterior division of L4-S1
- Inferior gluteal N: Posterior division of L5-S2
Sciatic N consists of
Tibial and common fibular N
Femoral N muscles and action
Anterior compartment of thigh:
- Extend knee
- Flex hip
Obturator N muscles and action
Medial compartment of thigh
- Adduct thigh
- Medially rotate thigh
Tibial N muscles and action
Posterior compartment of thigh:
- Flex knee
- Extend thigh
Posterior compartment of leg:
- Plantar flex foot (S1-S2)
- Flex digits
- Inversion
Common fibular N muscles and action
Short head of bicept femoris
Flex knee
Superficial fibular N muscles and action
Lateral compartment of leg
Eversion
Deep fibular N muscles and action
Anterior compartment of leg:
- Dorsiflex foot (L4-5)
- Extend digits
- Inversion
Anterior compartment of thigh muscles
Quadriceps femoris
Sartorius
Pectineus
Medial compartment of thigh muscles
Gracilis
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Anterior portion of adductor magnus
Posterior compartment of thigh muscles
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Long head of bicept femoris
Posterior portion of adductor magnus
Posterior compartment of leg muscles
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
Tibialis posterior
Lateral compartment of leg muscles
Fibularis longus
Fibularis brevis
Anterior compartment of leg muscles
Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis
Extensor digitorum
Fibularis tertius
Superior gluteal N muscles and action
Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus, Tensor fasciae latae:
- Stabilize pelvis
- Abduct hip
Most frequently damaged N of lower limb
Common fibular N because it crosses the lateral aspect of the knee at the neck of the fibula
Damage to common fibular N presents with
Loss of dorsiflexion of ankle (foot drop)
Loss of eversion
Sensory loss on the lateral surface of the leg and the dorsum of the foot
Piriformis syndrome
When Piriformis muscle compresses Common Fibular N leading to motor and sensory loss to the lateral and anterior compartments of the leg
Posterior hip dislocation damages
Sciatic N
Deep fibular N Sensory loss limited to
Skin of the first web space between the great and second toes
Lateral leg and dorsum of the foot sensory supply
Superficial fibular N.
Sole of the foot sensory supplied by
Lateral and medial plantar branches of the Tibial N
Sensory supply to the medial leg and medial foot
Saphenous N.
What artery supplies knee joint
Popliteal A
Femoral triangle is bounded by
Inguinal ligament
Sartorius
Adductor longus
Femoral sheath contains
Femaoral Artery and vein
Hip joint is reinforced by
Iliofemoral ligament
ischiofemoral ligament
pubofemoral ligament
MCL is
Tibial
LCL is
Fibular
ACL
attaches to the anterior aspect of the tibia and courses superiorly, posteriorly and laterally to attach to the lateral condyle of the femus
Lateral (colateral) ligaments of ankle include
Posterior talofibular ligament
Calcaneofibular ligament
Anterior talofibular ligament
Medial (Deltoid) ligament of ankle
Posterior tibiotalar part
Tibiocalcaneal part
Tibionavicular part
Anterior tibiotalar part
What ankle ligament is most damaged
Anterior talofibular ligament
