Cartilage and bone

Question 1

Cartilage ECM Is rich with

Answer 1

Type II collagen fibrils and GAGs

Question 2

Hyaline cartilage is

Answer 2

1. Forms a template for bone formation during embryogenesis
2. Articular cartilage on the surface of bones at synovial joints
3. Cartilage of the nose, portions of the laynx, trachea, and Bronchi

Question 3

Hyaline cartilage is rich in

Answer 3

1. Hyaluronic acid
2. Chondroitin sulfate
3. Keratan sulfate
4. High water content (resists compression)

Question 4

Elastic cartilage found in

Answer 4

1. External Ear
2. Auditory Canal
3. Epiglottis of the Larynx

Question 5

Fibrocartilage features

Answer 5

Has type I collagen in addition to type II collagen making it very resistant to being streched

Question 6

Fibrocartilage found in

Answer 6

Intervertebral disks

Menisci of the knee

Attachment of ligaments and tendons to bone

Question 7

Hydroxyapatite

Answer 7

Crystalline strucutre that is comprised of Calcium and Phosphate ions

Question 8

Osteoclasts responsible for

Answer 8

Breaking down bone matrix and releasing Calcium

Question 9

Howship’s Lacuna is

Answer 9

The space carved out of bone by an osteoclast

Question 10

Osteoclast activity is regulated by

Answer 10

Calcitonin and Vit D₃

Question 11

Intramembranous bone formation

Answer 11

Primitive mesenchyme can give rise directly to bone

Question 12

Endochondral bone formation

Answer 12

Bone is formed on the template of preexisiting hyaline cartilage

Question 13

Diaphysis

Answer 13

Center of the shaft of a long bone

Where endochondral ossification begins

Question 14

The Reserve zone of bone growth

Answer 14

Consists of chondrocytes at the epiphyseal end of the growth plate

Question 15

The proliferating zone of bone growth

Answer 15

Deep to the reserve zone and consists of proliferating chondrocytes that form clones aligned in columns parallel to the long axis of the bone

Question 16

The zone of hypertrophy of bone growth

Answer 16

consits of chondrocytes deep to the proliferating zone that undergo hypertrophy by becoming larger and producing type 10 collagen and growth factors

Question 17

Cortical/lamellar bone consists of

Answer 17

1. Periosteum
2. Outer circumferential lamellae
3. Osteons
4. Inner circumferential lamellae
5. Spongy bone
6. Endosteum

Question 18

Osteon is

Answer 18

A Haversian canal with its surrounding lamellae constituents and forms the basic unit of mature lamellar bone

Question 19

Volkmann’s canals are

Answer 19

Blood vessel canals that are perpendicular to Haversian canals.

Lack surrounding osteon