Life Science- Contraception

Question 1

Condom

Answer 1

Thin latex sheath placed over the penis to prevent sperm from entering the vagina.
Prevent transmission of STDs, cheap or free, east to get and use, 84% effective.
May leak, break or come off during sex, some sperm is released before full ejaculation so it must be put on before sex, can cause allergic reaction for people sensitive to latex, may reduce sensation for the male

Question 2

Abstinence

Answer 2

Not having sex. You wait for the right person and the right time.
Natural and free from artificial chemical or devices, accepted by most religions, no medical problems, 100% effective.
Requires willpower to overcome temptation and peer pressure

Question 3

Female condom

Answer 3

Thin latex sheath that lines the vagina
Prevents transmission of STDs, available over the counter, cheap or free, commonly used with spermicide, 84% effective.
Difficult to insert and can’t be used with male condom

Question 4

Contraceptive pill or injection

Answer 4

Contains chemicals which stop ovaries producing ova, so there should never be any ova for the sperm cells to fertilize.
Pills can be bought only if prescribed by a doctor or clinic sister at a Family Planning clinic, woman only need the injection once every 3 months, 99% effective.
Woman must take one of the pills every day, pill is age for most women but can cause serious problem for some (raised blood pressure), some gain weight, antibiotics can neutralize the effect of the pill

Question 5

Diaphragm

Answer 5

Dome-shaped latex rubber cup inserted in the vagina, over the cervix, to prevent sperm from entering the uterus.
Can be re-used, can last 1-2 years depending on use and care, 82% effective.
Not effective again STD’s, can be difficult to insert, can cause bladder infections, can cause allergic reactions to latex.

Question 6

Intrauterine Device (IUD)

Answer 6

Small metal or plastic loop or coil is out in the uterus to prevent the fertilized egg from implanting in the lining of the uterus.
Must be inserted by a doctor or nurse, 3-8 years, 95-99% effective.
Not effective against STD’s, can cause cramps and increase menstrual bleeding and infections,can puncture uterus wall

Question 7

Vasectomy

Answer 7

Surgical operation on male to cut and tie vas deferens to prevent the sperm getting from testes to penis.
Permanent protection against causing pregnancy, 99% effective.
Not effective against STD’s, permanent, surgery can have complications (blood clots, bruising, swelling and infection).

Question 8

Tubal ligation

Answer 8

Surgical operation on female to cut and tie the Fallopian tube to prevent the sperm from reaching eggs.
Permanent protection, 99% effective.
Not effective against STD’s, permanent, surgery can have complications (blood clots, bruising, swelling and infection)