Geography- Volcano Terminology Flashcards
Pyroclastic flow
Fast-moving current on hit gas and rock.
It normally hugs the ground and travels downhill, or spreads laterally under gravity.
Super heated has that can kill you before it reaches you.
Tephra
Rock fragments
Scoria
A type of basalt that is full of bubble holes.
Darker colour
Pumice
A light-coloured, extremely porous igneous rock that can float on water until they slowly become waterlogged.
Volcanic bomb
A projectile of hot magma or rock that is blown from a vent during volcanic eruptions. They solidify in flight and forma an elongated streamlined shape.
Caldera
Massive crater-like depressions that are very large.
They form when volcanoes explode with terrible destruction, completely obliterating the original volcano and the surrounding area.
Aa
Basaltic lava flow that is vicious and gassy.
When it solidifies it is a rough, clinkery or jagged surface.
Very difficult to walk on.
Pahoehoe
Lava flow with a smooth unbroken surface.
Often forms lava tubs that carry lava far down slopes where they empty into the ocean at the flow front.
Lava tube become lava caes after the eruption ceases.
Fumarole
A vent in the earth’s surface from which steam and volcanic gases are emitted.
Pillow lava
When lava erupts under water it forms shapes like pillows.
Tuya
Lava that erupt under a glacier cools very quickly and can’t travel far, so it piles up into a steep-sided hill.
