Lesson 7 Grammar Review Flashcards
Many 3rd declension adjectives can be changed into adverbs by adding ___ to the adjective stem.
-iter
The degrees of comparison are:
positive, comparitive, superlative
Some nouns have plural forms only, but may have a singular or plural ___. A noun and its verb must agree in person and ___.
meaning; number
What is the one irregularity in the present passive system of each conjugation?
1st conjugation - 2nd-person singular of future tense beris
2nd conjugation - 2nd-person singular of future tense beris
3rd conjugation - 2nd-person singular of present tense eris
3rd io conjugation - 2nd-person singular of present tense eris
4th conjugation - NONE
Some verbs may take two accusatives instead of one. One example is verbs that call someone something, where the something is called a ___ and the construction is called the ___.
predicate accusative; double accusative
To form the passive forms of the present system, substitute ___ personal endings for ___ personal endings.
passive; active
Give two examples of Latin nouns with plural forms that have singular meanings in English. Write the Latin and English.
insidiae (plot, ambush), castra (camp), impedimenta (baggage, baggage train), angústiae (when it means “narrow place”)
Some adjectives use their ___ forms as adverbs. These forms end in either ___ or ___.
Two examples are ___ and ___.
neutuer singular accusative; -um; -e
multum, fácile
The ___ is descriptive.
positive
An adverb most commonly modifies a verb by answering the questions ___.
how, when, where, to what extent
In the active voice, the subject ___.
performs the action of the verb
The tenses of the perfect passive system are ___ verbs.
compound
Give the two voices of Latin verbs.
active and passive
Give an example of the ablative of agent.
Galli a Caésare superantur. The Gauls are overcome by Caesar.
Give two examples of Latin nouns that have only plural forms and meanings. Write the Latin and English.
liberi (children), arma (arms, weapons), hiberna (winter quarters), angustiae (when it means “difficulties”)
Adverbs stand ___ the verbs they modify.
before
Many 1st/2nd-declension adjectives can be changed into adverbs by adding ___ to the adjective stem.
-ē
Define adverb.
An adverb modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb.
The superlative of regular adverbs is formed by ___.
adding -ē to the superlative stem
3rd declension adjectives of two and three terminations are changed into adverbs by ___.
adding -iteror-er to the stem
What two words are not cities or small islands, but have a locative? What are their locatives?
domus, rus; domi ruri
In adjectives and adverbs, there are ___.
degrees of comparison
1st/ 2nd declension adjectives are changed into adverbs by ___.
adding -ē to the stem
In the passive voice, the subject ___.
receives the action of the verb
When the action of the passive verb is performed by a LIVING AGENT, the construction is called ___ and requires the preposition ___.
the ablative of agent; a/ab
The ___ implies a comparison a comparison among more than two persons or things.
comparitive
The place or location of something is in the ___ case.
locative
When the action of the verb is performed by a NON-LIVING THING, the construction is called ___ and the preposition is ___.
ablative of means; omitted
The comparitive of regular adverbs is the ___.
neuter singular nominative form
The verb ___ can be used to mean ___ or ___ in the sense of existence
sum; there is; there are
Some adjectives, especially of quantity and number, form adverbs with the ___.
accusative singular
When sum is used to mean there is or there are, sum will be in the ___ person, and is usually the ___ word in the sentence or ___ the subject.
third; first; before
The ___ implies a comparison among more than two persons or things.
superlative
Give the Locative Rule.
For cities and small islands, the locative is identical to the ablative except in the 1st and 2nd declension singular, where it is identical to the gentiive. It is translated by in or at.
Give an example of an ablative of means.
Galli gládio superantur. The Gauls are overcome by the sword.
