Lesson 7 Flashcards
In this deck, you will learn vocabulary terms dealing with clothes, weather, and professions. You will also learn about possessive pronouns and disjunctive (or stressed) pronouns.
1
Q
Translate to French:
Yesterday I found twenty euros in the living room
A
Hier j’ai trouvé vingt euros dans le salon
to find - trouver
2
Q
Translate to French:
Today I met a cool professor
A
Aujourd’hui j’ai rencontré un professeur sympa
to meet, to run into - rencontrer
3
Q
Translate to French:
He cannot find a good job
A
Il ne peut pas trouver un bon emploi
a job - un emploi, un métier. Note that métier applies more to a “career.” In conversation, French speakers commonly use an informal term for “job” – le boulot.
4
Q
Translate to French:
I’m going to work
A
Je vais au bureau
(place of) work, the office - le travail, le bureau. Note that un bureau can also refer to “an office (room)” in a house, as well as “a desk.”
5
Q
Translate to French:
What do you do for a living?
A
Quel métier faites-vous?
What do you do for a living? - Quel métier faites-vous? An alternative would be: Que faites-vous dans la vie?
6
Q
Translate to French:
How’s the weather?
A
Quel temps fait-il?
How’s the weather? - Quel temps fait-il? Literally, this translates to “What weather does it do?” Recall that temps refers to “(the) weather” as well as “time.”
7
Q
Translate to French:
My father is a doctor
A
Mon père est docteur
a doctor - un docteur, un médecin. Recall that when declaring someone’s profession, articles can be omitted. In this case, un is not used.
8
Q
Translate to French:
I need a lawyer
A
J’ai besoin d’un avocat
a lawyer - un avocat
9
Q
Translate to French:
The most famous businessman is Bill Gates
A
L’homme d’affaires le plus connu est Bill Gates
a businessman - un homme d’affaires. A businesswoman is a femme d’affaires. Note how the past participle of connaître, connu (“known”), is used as an adjective to mean “famous.” Célèbre is another way of saying “famous.”
10
Q
Translate to French:
I do not like politicians
A
Je n’aime pas les hommes politiques
a politician - un homme politique. The female equivalent of homme politique: femme politique. Note that politique must be made plural if you are talking about more than one politician.
11
Q
Translate to French:
Mr. Dupont is an engineer
A
M. Dupont est ingénieur
an engineer - un ingénieur. Note that you can also use the more general term technicien.
12
Q
Translate to French:
- me
- you
- him/her
- oneself
- us
- you
- them
A
- moi
- toi
- lui/elle
- soi
- nous
- vous
- eux/elles
These are disjunctive, or stressed, pronouns. They are used for emphasis when referring to people.
13
Q
Translate to French:
I don’t want to leave
A
Moi, je ne veux pas partir
Stressed pronouns often come at either the beginning or end of sentences to emphasize pronouns or nouns. The literal translation here would be “Me, I don’t want to leave.”
14
Q
Translate to French:
You are thinking about him. Is he thinking about you?
A
Tu penses à lui. Pense-t-il à toi?
Note the use of disjunctive pronouns after prepositions.
15
Q
Translate to French:
Are you going to their house without us?
A
Vas-tu chez eux sans nous?
English translations of French phrases containing stressed pronouns often end up being quite different. In this case, the English does not employ “them,” the counterpart of eux, because of the term chez.
16
Q
Translate to French:
Who wants some sugar? Him
A
Qui veut du sucre? Lui
Note how disjunctive pronouns can be used to answer questions. They can also be used in asking questions: Elle veut aller. Et toi? – “She wants to go. And you?”
17
Q
Translate to French:
I like only him
A
Je n’aime que lui
The negative construction ne… que, which means “only,” is commonly used with disjunctive pronouns.
18
Q
Translate to French:
You are a lot stronger than he/him
A
Tu es beaucoup plus fort que lui
Note how stressed pronouns are used after que in a comparison.
19
Q
Translate to French:
You’re the one who wants to go hiking
A
C’est toi qui veux faire de la randonnée
Stressed pronouns can be used after c’est. Also note how the verb veux agrees with the subject; in this case, it is conjugated in the second-person singular to match toi.
20
Q
Translate to French:
It’s they who are eating
A
Ce sont eux qui mangent
All disjunctive pronouns can follow c’est, with the exception of eux and elles, which must use ce sont instead.
21
Q
Translate to French:
You’re going to make food yourself?
A
Tu vas faire à manger toi-même?
Note the use of the stressed pronoun with même, which is done for emphasis.
22
Q
Translate to French:
- myself
- yourself
- himself
- herself
- oneself
- ourselves
- yourself/yourselves
- themselves
A
- moi-même
- toi-même
- lui-même
- elle-même
- soi-même
- nous-mêmes
- vous-même(s)
- eux-mêmes/elles-mêmes
23
Q
Translate to French:
I will find the cat myself
A
Je trouverai le chat moi-même
24
Q
Translate to French:
This pencil is mine
A
Ce crayon est à moi
Note how possession can be conveyed by using être à with a disjunctive pronoun. An alternative would be to use the adjective propre, which can mean “own”: C’est mon propre crayon – “This is my own pencil.”
25
# Translate to French:
_You and I_ are arriving
_Toi et moi_, nous arrivons
## Footnote
Note how disjunctive pronouns are used when there is more than one subject in a sentence. The same is true when there is more than one object.
26
# Translate to French:
Every man/Each one for _himself_
Chacun pour _soi_
## Footnote
The disjunctive pronoun *soi* is used when the subject is general or consists of unspecified persons.
27
# Translate to French:
When one is tired, one stays home
Quand on est fatigué, on reste chez _soi_
## Footnote
Because the indefinite pronoun *on* is used, the indefinite disjunctive pronoun *soi* is employed after the preposition *chez*. Here you're really saying "When people are tired, they stay home" (at their respective homes). An alternative is *Quand nous sommes fatigués, nous restons chez nous*, but the meaning there changes slightly: "When we're tired, we stay home" (at our single house).
28
# Translate to French:
I want to be a _fireman_
Je veux être _pompier_
## Footnote
a fireman - *un pompier*
29
# Translate to French:
My sister is going to be a _nurse_
Ma soeur va être _infirmière_
## Footnote
a nurse - *un infirmier*. Note the feminine form in the example.
30
# Translate to French:
Pablo Picasso is a very well known _painter_
Pablo Picasso est un _peintre_ très connu
## Footnote
a painter - *un peintre*. Note that "a painting" is *une peinture*.
31
# Translate to French:
I do _not_ see _anyone_ over there
Je _ne_ vois _personne_ là-bas
## Footnote
nobody, no one, not anyone - *ne... personne*. Note the use of *ne* together with *personne*. *Personne* is the negative pronoun when it comes to people.
32
# Translate to French:
I don't know these _people_
Je ne connais pas ces _gens_
## Footnote
people - *des gens*. Note that *gens* is used in a general sense, while *personne(s)* is used to describe a specific person or group of people.
33
# Translate to French:
Are there any _people_ over at your house?
Est-ce qu'il y a _du monde_ chez toi?
## Footnote
people - *du monde*. *Du monde* is often used to refer to a few people or a crowd of people. *Des gens* can also be used, literally meaning "some people."
34
# Translate to French:
Have you called the _plumber_?
As-tu appelé le _plombier_?
## Footnote
a plumber - *un plombier*. Note how *appeler* can mean "to call." "To call oneself," on the other hand, would be the reflexive form of the verb, *s'appeler*: *je m'appelle Jean*.
35
# Translate to French:
The _policeman_ is coming now
Le _policier_ arrive maintenant
## Footnote
a policeman - *un policier*. Note that when referring to the police generally, *la police* is used.
36
# Translate to French:
My _boss_ is mean
Mon _patron_ est méchant
## Footnote
a boss, a manager - *un patron*. An alternative is *chef*, which also means "cook" or "chef."
37
# Translate to French:
There are five _employees_ eating
Il y a cinq _employés_ en train de manger
## Footnote
an employee, a worker - *un employé*
38
# Translate to French:
It's a small _business_
C'est une petite _entreprise_
## Footnote
a company, a business - *une société, une entreprise*. To refer to business in general, use *le commerce*.
39
# Translate to French:
In the _company_ of his classmates and friends, Luc is very happy
En _compagnie_ de ses camarades et ses amis, Luc est très heureux
## Footnote
company (social) - *la compagnie*. This word does not correspond to a company or business.
40
# Translate to French:
Are you going to become a _member_ of the club soon?
Vas-tu bientôt devenir _membre_ du club?
## Footnote
a member - *un membre*. Note that the word for a social or athletic organization (club) is the same in French as in English.
41
# Translate to French:
The members of the _government_ are not motivated to act
Les membres du _gouvernement_ ne sont pas motivés à agir
## Footnote
government - *le gouvernement*. Note that the adjective *motivé* is formed by the past participle of the verb *motiver*, "to motivate."
42
# Translate to French:
He works for the _Department_ of Education
Il travaille pour le _ministère_ de l'Éducation
## Footnote
a ministry, a department - *un ministère*. This noun applies to governmental departments (or ministries). To refer to administrative or academic departments, you can use *département*.
43
# Translate to French:
* mine
* yours
* his/hers/its
* ours
* yours
* theirs
* le mien
* le tien
* le sien
* le nôtre
* le vôtre
* le leur
## Footnote
These are possessive pronouns. They replace a possessive adjective and a noun. The possessive pronoun must agree with the noun being replaced. Note that there are also feminine and plural forms of these pronouns.
44
# Translate to French:
Here is my pen. Where is _his_?
Voici mon stylo. Où est _le sien_?
## Footnote
Here, instead of repeating the word *stylo* by asking *Où est son stylo?*, you can replace *son stylo* with the appropriate possessive pronoun, *le sien*.
45
# Translate to French:
This house is _mine_
Cette maison est _la mienne_
## Footnote
Note the use of the possessive pronoun here, which allows you to avoid saying *Cette maison est ma maison*. *Le mien* becomes *la mienne* to agree with the noun, *maison*, which is feminine.
46
# Translate to French:
Our kids are smart. _His_ are dumb
Nos enfants sont intelligents. _Les siens_ sont bêtes
## Footnote
Note the plural masculine form of the possessive pronoun *le sien*.
47
# Translate to French:
My daughters are at school. Where are _yours_?
Mes filles sont à l'école. Où sont _les tiennes_?
## Footnote
Note the plural feminine form of the possessive pronoun *le tien*.
48
# Translate to French:
Where is your car? Here is _ours_
Où est votre voiture? Voici _la nôtre_
## Footnote
Note that if there were more than one object in question, their genders wouldn't matter, as the plural *les nôtres* is the same for nouns of both genders. The same is true for *les vôtres*.
49
# Translate to French:
Here are our chairs. Have they found _theirs_?
Voici nos chaises. Ont-ils trouvé _les leurs_?
## Footnote
There is no difference between the masculine plural *les leurs* and the feminine plural *les leurs*. However, if there were only one chair to be found, the question would change to *Ont-ils trouvé la leur?* because *chaise* is feminine.
50
# Translate to French:
He prefers his seat _to yours_
Il préfère son siège _au tien_
## Footnote
The rules of contraction apply as usual to possessive pronouns.
51
# Translate to French:
Is this your drink or _mine_? I think _it's mine_!
C'est ta boisson ou _la mienne_? Je pense que c'est _la mienne_!
52
# Translate to French:
They need new _clothes_
Ils ont besoin de nouveaux _vêtements_
## Footnote
clothes - *des vêtements*. This is a masculine plural noun.
53
# Translate to French:
I'm going to the _store_. Do you need anything?
Je vais au _magasin_. As-tu besoin de quelque chose?
## Footnote
a store - *un magasin*
54
# Translate to French:
The red _shirt_ costs thirty dollars
La _chemise_ rouge coûte trente dollars
## Footnote
a shirt - *une chemise*
55
# Translate to French:
What are you _wearing_ to the party?
Que _portes_-tu à la fête?
## Footnote
to wear - *porter*
56
# Translate to French:
It's cold out, I'm going to wear my _sweater_
Il fait froid, je vais porter mon _pull_
## Footnote
a sweater - *un pull*
57
# Translate to French:
I love this _wool_ sweater!
J'adore ce pull en _laine_!
## Footnote
wool - *la laine*. Note that a "wool sweater" is literally a "sweater in wool" in French.
58
# Translate to French:
Do you have your _scarf_?
As-tu ton _écharpe_?
## Footnote
a scarf - *une écharpe*. This word is feminine, but the possessive adjective *ton* is used instead of *ta* because *écharpe* starts with a vowel.
59
# Translate to French:
Did you look at those _pants_ over there?
As-tu regardé ce pantalon-là?
## Footnote
pants - *un pantalon*. Note how this word is singular, unlike in English. Also recall the use of the suffix *-là* to mean "(over) there."
60
# Translate to French:
You have to wear a _tie_ tonight
Tu dois porter une _cravate_ ce soir
## Footnote
a tie - *une cravate*
61
# Translate to French:
Which (one) is your favorite _t-shirt_?
Lequel est ton _tee-shirt_ préféré?
## Footnote
a t-shirt - *un tee-shirt*
62
# Translate to French:
She wore a new pair of _jeans_
Elle a porté un nouveau _jean_
## Footnote
jeans - *un jean*. Unlike in English, *jean* is singular in French.
63
# Translate to French:
Are you going to wear your _boots_?
Vas-tu porter tes _bottes_?
## Footnote
boots - *des bottes*. This is a feminine word.
64
# Translate to French:
Which _shoes_ do they want?
Quelles _chaussures_ veulent-ils?
## Footnote
shoes - *des chaussures*. This is a feminine word.
65
# Translate to French:
I love the summer because I can wear _sandals_
J'adore l'été parce que je peux porter des _sandales_
## Footnote
sandals - *des sandales*. This is a feminine word.
66
# Translate to French:
I need new _shorts_
J'ai besoin d'un nouveau _short_
## Footnote
shorts - *un short*. Note that *short*, like *jean* and *pantalon*, is singular.
67
# Translate to French:
Do you prefer short _socks_?
Tu préfères les _chaussettes_ courtes?
## Footnote
socks - *des chaussettes*. This is a feminine word.
68
# Translate to French:
This _coat_ is too large
Ce _manteau_ est trop grand
## Footnote
a coat - *un manteau*
69
# Translate to French:
I wear my _raincoat_ often in the spring
Je porte souvent mon _imperméable_ au printemps
## Footnote
a raincoat - *un imperméable*. Note that the shortened *imper* is an informal alternative.
70
# Translate to French:
We're going on vacation in Los Angeles, but we still haven't bought our _bathing suits_!
Nous partons en vacances à Los Angeles, mais nous n'avons pas encore acheté nos _maillots de bain_!
## Footnote
a bathing suit - *un maillot de bain*. Note how *pas encore* means "still (not)" here. It can also mean "(not) yet," which is really the same thing.
71
# Translate to French:
You guys have green _jackets_, right?
Vous avez des _blousons_ verts, n'est-ce pas?
## Footnote
a jacket - *un blouson, une veste*
72
# Translate to French:
There are _numerous_ socks in the box
Il y a de _nombreuses_ chaussettes dans la boîte
## Footnote
numerous, many - *nombreux*. Note the use of the feminine plural form here.
73
# Translate to French:
_Shoot!_ I lost my scarf!
_Mince alors!_ J'ai perdu mon écharpe!
## Footnote
Shoot! - *Mince alors!* This is a relatively mild exclamation to express discontent. You could also just say *Mince!*
74
# Translate to French:
You lost your coat? _What a shame!_
Tu as perdu ton manteau? _Quel dommage!_
## Footnote
What a shame! - *Quel dommage!*
75
# Translate to French:
_No one_ is wearing a tie
_Personne ne_ porte une cravate
## Footnote
no one... - *personne ne...* In this construction, *personne* serves as the subject. The negative *ne* must still be used before the verb, however. The negative words *rien* and *personne* can stand alone, used often as answers ("nothing" and "no one") to questions.
76
# Translate to French:
_It's_ beautiful (outside) today!
_Il fait_ beau aujourd'hui!
## Footnote
It is (weather) - *il fait \_\_\_*. Note that in French, the verb *faire* is used to describe weather instead of *être*.
77
# Translate to French:
It's going to be _bad weather_ tomorrow
Il va faire _mauvais_ demain
## Footnote
(to be) bad weather - *(faire) mauvais*
78
# Translate to French:
Where is _the sun_?
Où est _le soleil_?
## Footnote
the sun - *le soleil*
79
# Translate to French:
It's a full _moon_ tonight
C'est la pleine _lune_ ce soir
## Footnote
the moon - *la lune*
80
# Translate to French:
He fell to the _earth (ground)_
Il est tombé par _terre_
## Footnote
earth - *la terre, le sol*. These words can apply to both "the ground" and "soil." Meanwhile, "the Earth" (the planet) is simply *la terre*. Finally, note the common expression *tomber par terre*.
81
# Translate to French:
Nobody is at the park because it's _raining_
Personne n'est au parc parce qu'il _pleut_
## Footnote
to rain - *pleuvoir*. Note that *pleuvoir* is an impersonal verb; it is only conjugated in the third-person singular with the impersonal *il*.
82
# Translate to French:
I hear the _rain_
J'entends la _pluie_
## Footnote
rain - *la pluie*
83
# Translate to French:
We don't have school today because it's _snowing_
On n'a pas école aujourd'hui parce qu'il _neige_
## Footnote
to snow - *neiger*. This is an impersonal verb that is only conjugated with *il*.
84
# Translate to French:
It will _be windy_ later today
Il va _venter_ plus tard aujourd'hui
## Footnote
to be windy - *venter*. Note that *le vent* is the word for "wind." Two alternatives to *il vente* are *il y a du vent* and *le vent souffle*.
85
# Translate to French:
It*_'s foggy_* today
Il _y a du brouillard_ aujourd'hui
## Footnote
to be foggy - *avoir du brouillard*. *Brouillard* is the word for "fog."
86
# Translate to French:
The _storm_ will be dangerous
La _tempête_ va être dangereuse
## Footnote
a storm - *un orage, une tempête*. A *tempête* is a more serious storm. Note the adjective *dangereux*, "dangerous."
87
# Translate to French:
These _clouds_ are depressing
Ces _nuages_ sont déprimants
## Footnote
a cloud - *un nuage*. To say "it's cloudy," use *il y a des nuages*.
88
# Translate to French:
He won't be happy, that's _for sure_
Il ne va pas être content, c'est _certain_
## Footnote
certain (for sure) - *certain*. Note that *c'est sûr* would also work here.
89
# Translate to French:
Are you _sure_?
Tu es _sûr_?
## Footnote
sure - *sûr*. The feminine form is *sûre*.
90
# Translate to French:
He is sad _because of_ the rain
Il est triste _à cause de_ la pluie
## Footnote
because of - *à cause de*. *Cause* is also a feminine noun: *la cause de...* means "the cause of..."
91
# Translate to French:
_Here_ is my car and _there_ is yours
_Voici_ ma voiture et _voilà_ la tienne
## Footnote
*Voici* relates to things that are closeby, whereas *voilà* relates to things that are farther away. That said, *voilà* is typically used in both cases, except for when there needs to be a clear distinction between two things, as in the above.
92
# Translate to French:
That's exciting _news_
C'est une grande _nouvelle_
## Footnote
news - *nouvelle(s)*. This noun is normally plural; "the news," for example, would be *les nouvelles*. It's singular above because it's a single piece of info. Also note the use of *grand* to mean "exciting," which doesn't have a direct translation in French.
93
# Translate to French:
The president is here? What a _surprise_!
Le président est là? Quelle _surprise_!
## Footnote
a surprise - *une surprise*. The verb "to surprise" is *surprendre* and the adjective "surprising" is *surprenant*. Meanwhile, "surprised" would be *surpris* or *étonné*.
94
# Translate to French:
The _shock_ of our cat's death is horrible
Le _choc_ de la mort de notre chat est horrible
## Footnote
a shock - *un choc*. Note that "to shock" is *choquer*, while "shocking" is *choquant* and "shocked" is *choqué*.
95
# Translate to French:
I am going to be _nervous_ when I meet my new boss
Je vais être _mal à l'aise_ quand je vais rencontrer mon nouveau chef
## Footnote
nervous, anxious - *nerveux, anxieux, mal à l'aise*. Note that the opposite expression would be *être à l'aise*, "to be at ease."
96
# Translate to French:
List the basic French titles, including their abbreviations.
* Monsieur (M.)
* Messieurs (MM.)
* Madame (Mme)
* Mesdames (Mmes)
* Mademoiselle (Mlle)
* Mesdemoiselles (Mlles)
97
# Translate to French:
_Is he afraid of_ the rain?
_A-t-il peur de_ la pluie?
## Footnote
to be afraid of - *avoir peur de*. Note that the noun *la peur* means "fear." *Faire peur* is "to scare."
98
# Translate to French:
You guys _are in the habit of_ playing sports every day
Vous _avez l'habitude de_ faire du sport tous les jours
## Footnote
to be in the habit of, to be used to - *avoir l'habitude de*
99
# Translate to French:
I _trust_ what you guys are saying
J'_ai confiance en_ ce que vous dites
## Footnote
to trust - *avoir confiance en*. Note that you could use *croire*, "to believe," here: *Je crois ce que vous dites*.
100
# Translate to French:
The tennis match _took place_ in Paris
La partie de tennis _a eu lieu_ à Paris
## Footnote
to take place - *avoir lieu*
101
# Translate to French:
The games take place _throughout_ the day
Les matchs ont lieu _tout au long de_ la journée
## Footnote
throughout - *tout au long de*. Note that you could also say *Les matchs ont lieu pendant toute la journée*.
102
# Translate to French:
I _am ashamed_ of him
J'_ai honte_ de lui
## Footnote
to be embarrassed, to be ashamed - *avoir honte*. Note the use of *de* to mean "about" or "of." The verb "to embarrass" is *embarrasser* or *gêner*.
103
# Translate to French:
I am delighted to _meet_ your uncle
Je suis enchanté de _faire la connaissance de_ votre oncle
## Footnote
to meet (for the first time) - *faire la connaissance de*. When meeting someone, *enchanté*, "delighted," is a common greeting in its own right. Also note that *connaissance* can mean "knowledge."
104
# Translate to French:
_Not bad_ for a child
_Pas mal_ pour un enfant
## Footnote
not bad - *pas mal*. Depending on context, this expression can sometimes even mean "pretty well."
105
# Translate to French:
There are _quite a few_ people at the train station
Il y a _pas mal de_ gens à la gare
## Footnote
quite a few - *pas mal de*. Note the feminine noun *gare*, "train station."
106
# Translate to French:
This year, I am going _to save up_
Cette année, je vais _faire des économies_
## Footnote
to save up (money) - *faire des économies*
107
# Translate to French:
In the novel, he _deals with_ a lot of problems
Dans le roman, il _fait face à_ beaucoup de problèmes
## Footnote
to contend with, to deal with - *faire face à*
108
# Translate to French:
I don't like this _kind_ of coat
Je n'aime pas ce _genre_ de manteau
## Footnote
a kind, a type, a sort - *un genre, un type, une sorte*. The masculine *style* is yet another alternative.
109
# Translate to French:
It's a _kind of_ weird yellow
C'est une _espèce de_ jaune bizarre
## Footnote
(a) kind of - *(une) espèce de*. The noun *espèce* means "variety" or "species." You can also use this expression in a negative exclamation: for example, *Espèce d'idiot!* means "Damn fool!"
110
# Translate to French:
How beautiful she is!/ She's so beautiful!
Comme elle est belle!
## Footnote
Note how *comme* is used as an adverb in this exclamation. When used like this, it means "so" or "how."
111
List the French disjunctive (or stressed) pronouns.
* moi (me)
* toi (you)
* lui (him)/elle (her)
* soi (oneself)
* nous (us)
* vous (you)
* eux/elles (them)
## Footnote
Recall that you can add *-même(s)* to these pronouns for emphasis, whereby *même* translates to "self/selves." For example, *moi-même* is "myself."
112
List the French possessive pronouns.
* le mien (mine)
* le tien (yours)
* le sien (his/hers/its)
* le nôtre (ours)
* le vôtre (yours)
* le leur (theirs)
## Footnote
Recall that there are feminine and plural variations of these pronouns. For example, *le sien* can change to *la sienne*, *les siens*, or *les siennes*.
